Property:Description
From Earth Science Information Partners (ESIP)
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(a) Provide observational and modeling data on pollutant concentrations, deposition, emissions and transboundary fluxes on the regional scale and identify their trends in time; (b) Identify the sources of the pollution concentrations and depositions and to assess the effects of changes in emissions; (c) Improve our understanding of chemical and physical processes relevant to assessing the effects of air pollutants on ecosystems and human health in order to support the development of cost-effective abatement strategies; and 7. EMEP monitoring should be designed to fulfill its purpose. 8. EMEP monitoring should form the core infrastructure for monitoring atmospheric composition change throughout its domain (d) Explore the environmental concentrations of new chemical substances that might require the attention of the Convention in the future +
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* Many parts of the region continue to face formidable economic and environmental problems, and have more immediately pressing priorities than air pollution, in spite of the heavy health damage which it inflicts. It is important therefore that any investment by states in the regions, or by donor organisations, in air pollution abatement should be as cost-effective as possible. This can be significantly enhanced by co-operation at the regional scale on air pollution monitoring, assessment and abatement systems.
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* The missing features are exposure-doseresponse data - risk on the basis of exposure to individual pollutants as indicators of the coomposite risk
* MPAQM will be complicated by three global-scale influences: 1. Precursor emissions due to GHGs reductions and climate affecting particles (most significant) 2. Atmospheric chemistry, biogenic emissions, and met resulting from climate change 3. Intra- and intercontinental transport of pollutants from increased global emissions
Recommendations
1. Improve the ability to estimate pollutant exposure 2. Strengthen the multidisciplinary focus of health and ecosystem effects research 1. Health and ecological damage burden of air pollution relative to other stressors? 2. Which pollutant combinations of pollutants cause what effects? 3. Is it feasible to group pollutants? 4. Can we construct objective metrics for prioritizing health and ecosystem effects?
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16 monitoring stations +
A Kabul air pollution monitoring network is being established under ADB-funded project.
Resuspension of dust will be addressed +
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A comprehensive national air quality monitoring system has been established over the past years as part of Environmental Information and Monitoring Program ( EIMP ) of EEAA, implemented with support from the Danish Government +
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A regional policy within the member Southern Africa Development Community (SADC) states and SADC itself, are inconsistent, and the southern African region shares the same airmass and thus the same pollutants. One of the key requirements for the development of a regional policy is the provision of robust scientific information upon which debates can be initiated. APINA (Air Pollution Information Network – Africa) is a network of scientists, researchers and policy-makers who are supportive of a regional approach to addressing the issues of transboundary air pollution, based on robust scientific information. Evidence is emerging of impacts at various scales, from indoor air pollution to regional effects. However, to determine the extent of air pollution problems in the SADC region further knowledge of emissions, atmospheric transfer and impacts is required. +
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A review of the European, United States and Australian Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) literature related to ambient air pollution, followed by a critique of the CBA methodology.
methodology to assess the economic cost of the human health effects of ambient air pollution and identifies and describes in detail the uncertainties, contentious issues and knowledge gaps associated with the CBA methodology. Moreover, the report also makes recommendations based on how to address the uncertainties, contentious issues and knowledge gaps. +
A substantial body of European Community (EU) legislation has been adopted by the Council and the European Parliament in relation to ambient air quality. This is summarized below and links provided lead to the relevant documents. +
AQ Health impact assessment by Working group +
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Vietnam Building up Air Pollutio Model in Ho Chi Minh City using GIS and Neutral Network Technologyn Prediction +
According to Ho Chi Minh City service of Resources and Environment, there
are 9 automatic air pollution continuous monitoring stations in Ho Chi Minh City . The total number of automatic monitoring station in Vietnam is 23 (2008) http://www.cleanairnet.org/caiasia/1412/articles-72917_issue4.pdf
Equipment is modern at high accuracy. +
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Air Monitoring state in Japan, transport of pollutants from the continent impacting Japan, brown haze clouds and dust cloud estimation
Needs satellite information. Need background air pollution information on the continent.
Wind speed and direction, models of transport +
Air Quality Guidelines for Europe - that have since been adopted as global guidelines. +
Air quality monitoring assessment. NEEDs Improve PM10/PM2.5 link AQ with monitoring with AQ management. improve reporting and access to information. +
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Improving Emission Inventories for Effective Air Quality Management Across North America: A NARSTO Assessment +
Assessment has four functions: Identifies national, state, local inventories and provides access info. Describes methods used to generate emissions and discusses the strength and weakness of these methods. Directs considerable attention to methods for determining uncertainties in emissions estimates. Suggests ways to improve future inventories and improve data delivery of emission data to users. +
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Book chapter for Aerosol Measurement +
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Cardiovascular disease women related to Epa monitoring network data +
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Clean Air Initiative (CAI) for Asia mission is to promote and demonstrate innovative ways to improve the air quality in Asian cities through partnerships and sharing experiences. Overview state of AQ in AsiaSE, AQ Monitoring status, PM10 measurments spatial coverage in 2007. Future AQ plans and focus, still not on PM2.5, ozone and air toxics monitoring that effect the human health the most. +
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Coincident measurements of O3 and aerosol components (NO3, SO4, organic and elemental carbon, trace metals), precursors of O3 and aerosol (total reactive nitrogen, peroxyacetyl nitrate, and VOCs, SO2) and atmospheric tracers (such as CO and CO2 and Hg) will strengthen long-range transport assessments and model evaluation efforts +
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Committee on Earth Science and Applications from Space: A Community Assessment and Strategy for the Future NRC. Panel on chemical weather - with emphasis on air pollution/health; EOs that can be measured from space. +
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Compilation of Asian health studies (1980-2007) +
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Current EU air quality legislation, Council Decision (97/101/EC), requires the European Commission to prepare yearly a technical report on the meta information and air quality data flows that have been exchanged among the EU Member States and the Commission. Besides, the member and collaborating countries of the European Environment Agency, which include EU (potential) candidate countries and EFTA states, have agreed to follow this reporting procedure as well. All this information is made available in the AIRBASE database, accessible at http://airbase.eionet.europa.eu. This technical report provides an overview of the reporting cycle on the data for 2007. +
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Currently, measurements of the above air pollutants are conducted at 53 stations, located in Maputo and Matola. +
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DENR Monitoring TSP, 12 Manial , 2 Cebu City, 2 Cagayan de Oro City Outside Manila Metro City 52 stationa Total 66 stations +
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Description of a limited AQ monitoring project in DarElSalaam +
EMEP stategy, , emission data measurement, air quality monitoring, air chemistry modeling, integrated assessment modeling +
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ESA web report. 3day street level AQ forecasting for Beijing Olimpic games. Use of modeling Chimere-regional and ADMS -urban Daily forecast, information accesible on the web +
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Efforts to monitor SOx , NOx, CO, (vehicular emissions monitored) and TSP
4 stations 4 cities +
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Environmental QualityIt is well recognized that environmental risk factors are important determinants of human health. The basic indicators of progress in the two arenas are not equivalent and in some cases not highly correlated. EQ relies on ambient and widespread measures, such as outdoor air pollution, forest destruction, and river contamination, but environmental health relies on measures of human exposure, which are often heavily influenced by local factors that do not significantly affect EQ, such as the proximity of people to the pollution source. +
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Existing monitoring Teheran, 7, Arak 1, Esfahan 2, Mashad, 2, Teheran 2 by municipal authority
Total 13 monitoring stations
NEED Technical specification of Air quality program in Iran
40 fixed stations 4 mobile station +
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Goverment web site Meteorological aresa
6 stations +
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Harare has routinely monitered TSP since 1975 and NOx since 1992. Other
parameters are measured on a random basis. Inspections are also carried out in industrial areas on a routine or random basis mainly in response to complaints. +
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Identified by 11th Prospectus Development Team US Weather Research Program - ID needs for AQ Forecasting +
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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Recommendations for Nationally Consistent Data and Measures within the Environmental Public Health Tracking Network +
Indicators and measurements needed for health community +
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Joe Mauderly, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM. Annual Meeting of the NARSTO Executive Assembly Washington, DC April 15, 2009 • Status of Chapter • Contents • Conclusions • Review Comments +
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Lead (Pb) is a highly toxic chemical with no known physiological benefits. There are no
national surveys of blood lead levels in the general Nigerian population, Isolated studies
on assessment of occupational exposure in which unexposed individuals were used as
controls have largely been extrapolated to reflect levels in the general population. The
data from such studies indicate that levels in the general Nigerian population are at least
two to three fold levels found in countries that have either significantly reduced or totally
eliminated lead in gasoline. +
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Megacities of China, 8 megacities, Reseach articles explosion > 100 articles a year since 2006 growing exponentially. Real time monitoring stations data are not available to public. Only data reported are numbers of days or number of hours air pollution Exceeded Nationa Ambient Air Quality Standard . +
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Method for assessing Environmental Burden of Disease. meta analysis of health studies. The exposure variable for air pollution used in this guide is particulate matter (PM) measured as either PM10 or PM2.5 (i.e. PM less than 10 μm or 2.5 μm in diameter, respectively). Population exposure is characterized by exposure concentrations and the numbers of people exposed at the various exposure levels. Concentrationresponse functions from the epidemiological literature are then applied to the exposed population. These functions relate ambient PM concentrations to cases of premature mortality, and enable the attributable risk to be calculated. +
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Ministry of Science and Technology objective, surface AQ monitoring at 15 stations, , GPS based Radiosonde, Microwave Profiler, SODAR and RASS system, processing of MODIS data from EOS and Terra satellites +
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NAAQM 290 stations, NEERI 30 Stations, CPCB staions in Dehli ?? number and location not known +
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Community Input to the NRC Decadal Survey from the NCAR Workshop on Air Quality Remote Sensing from Space: Defining Optimum Observing Strategy +
NCAR Workshop on AQ and Remote Sensing from Space input to Decadal Survey +
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NO coordinated air quality monitoring, only mine companies monitor +
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News Science and Development News 25 April 2008 +
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News release,
4 stations in four cities to be installed, Amman, Irbid, Zarqua, Shboul +
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Newspaper report +
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No routine monitoring occurs in Malawi because the Meteorological Department equipment for air pollution monitoring is not working. +
No systematic monitoring exists but few studies have been carried out. +
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Official governmet web site, 559 stations in 2006, 342 in 2004 +
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PM10, 2.5 TSP, black smoke, ozone, NO2 Lack of studies on long-term effects of air pollution on mortality and morbidity in Europe. Studies have been published utilizing within-city contrasts in traffic-related pollution (Hoek et al. 2002; Nafstad et al. 2003; Nafstad et al. 2004; Filleul et al. 2005). A control study has linked lung cancer to similar within-city pollution contrasts (Nyberg et al. 2000). Also, high intra-urban spatial correlations between PM2.5, NO2 and Black Smoke have been shown (Brauer et al. 2002; Gehring et al. 2002, Lewne et al. 2004). Chronic morbidity and markers thereof are currently investigated only in the Swiss SAPALDIA cohort (Ackermann-Liebrich et al, 1997; Zemp et al, 1999) +
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Power Point +
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Research needs to improve AQ Forecasting - experts/stakeholders, emphasis on meteorological aspects +
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Review article for AWMA on using satellite-derived AOD to estimate PM surface concentrations and enhance Air Quality +
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SO2 monitoring started in 1976 with three
stations. In 1995 more stationbs added and NO and NO2. O3 monitoring started in 1996. +
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WMO SAND AND DUST STORM WARNING ADVISORY AND ASSESSMENT SYSTEM (SDS-WAS): IMPLEMENTATION PLAN 2009-2013 +
Sand and Dust storm warning advisory and assessment system implemented in order to coordinate international collaboration around sand and dust storms. +
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Sao Paolo with 11 monitoring staions, +
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Scienc and policy needs for ozone b/c if only europe/us/japan will only have a limited effect. Consensus from Royal Society +
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Summary of air pollution information +
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Summation of traffic/road, urban exposure studies, microenvironments - Literature review of Transport/Health studies for Europe. need to quantify harmful effects of transport-related pollution, estimate exposure, track trends in population exposure to air pollution and to transport-related air pollution, determine what part of emissions is responsible for health effects +
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Thai DENR +
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The lack of information due to the lack of studies in the area is one area that needs improvement. As a start, plans have been made by the Pollution Control Unit of the Medical and Health Department for two Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations (AAQMS) to be installed, one in the capital and the other in Belait District. The equipment intended to be installed in the proposed stations are capable of monitoring the required parameters continuously (24 hours monitoring). The Meteorological Services, Department of Civil Aviation also plans to expand their air pollution monitoring capabilities. +
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The main role of Air Pollution Information Network for Africa (APINA) is to form a strong link between the air pollution scientific community and policy makers at national and regional levels. Currently, Southern Africa (South Africa, Zambia, Mozambique, Botswana, Malawi, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe)is APINA's main focus region but activities also to reach out across the whole of Sub-Saharan Africa. The country fact sheets of Southern Africa were used to estimate AQ monitoring activities in Southern Africa. +
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Global Earth Observation System (GEOS): System Capabilities and the Role for U.S. EPA Recommendations of a Community Panel +
The panel was asked to think about how such observing systems might be directed toward minimizing data gaps across spatial scales, thus helping EPA move toward a more comprehensive observing approach that would not only benefit GEOSS but also EPA’s unique domestic mission, including air quality modeling and forecasting. +
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The primary aim of this Clean Air Research Programme (CARP) project is to evaluate methodologies for estimating personal exposure from ambient monitoring data and from simulation data from complex ambient air quality models. +
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The purpose of this Plan is to summarize the essential steps to be undertaken, over the
next decade, by a global community of nations and intergovernmental, international,
and regional organizations, to put in place a Global Earth Observation System of
Systems (GEOSS). +
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This guidance document is a reference for air quality policymakers and managers providing state-of-the-art, evidence-based information on key determinants of air quality management decisions. The document reflects the findings of five annual meetings of the NERAM (Network for Environmental Risk Assessment and Management) International Colloquium Series on Air Quality Management (2001–2006), as well as the results of supporting international research. The topics covered in the guidance document reflect critical science and policy aspects of air quality risk
management including i) health effects, ii) air quality emissions, measurement and modeling, iii) air quality management interventions, and iv) clean air policy challenges and opportunities. +
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Unfortunately, our air pollution monitoring system does not provide measurements on PM2.5, as considered by Loomis et al. (13) in Mexico City, although that study also suggested that a gaseous pollutant (NO2) affects mortality. +
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Long-Term Effects of Traffic-Related Air Pollution on Mortality in a Dutch Cohort (NLCS-AIR Study) +
Urban air pollution impact on health, traffic related +
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Very few surface monitoring data, Needs Emission requirements, Monitoring requirements. +
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WHO AQ Guidelines ( Similar to AQ Standards) update for PM2.5/PM10, O3, NO2 and SO2 worldwide based on literature/research concerning health effects. +
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WHO; What are the features of monitoring networks that are needed to identify exposure. +
We have carried out measurement campaigns in every major city in Australia and in rural air sheds such as Victoria’s Latrobe Valley. Recent work in South-East Asia includes air quality studies in Jakarta and Kuala Lumpur.
This applied work is backed by a strategic research program that includes long-term aerosol measurements at the Cape Grim Baseline Air Pollution Station in north-west Tasmania. The Cape Grim program, to monitor and study global atmospheric composition, is a joint responsibility of the Australian Bureau of Meteorology and CSIRO. +
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Web document, on line
On line data, once a week as a maximum hourly average for pollutant in that week +
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Workshop needs stressed
Monitoring status, 24 sites, 4 urban, 20 rural
http://naqo.mn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=12&Itemid=47 +
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World Bank estimate Urban population weighted average PM10 concentrations (micro grams per cubic meter) in residential areas of cities larger than 100,000 for 1999 +
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World Bank map of citeis with PM10 concentrations +
discusses ambient air pollution risks +
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editorial, China Air Pollution and Health Effects Study (CAPES) +
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includes information about current PM for geographic regions around the world. Not on city level +
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DIRECTIVE 2008/50/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 21 May 2008 on ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe +
legislation passed for EU to standardize AQ monitoring based on WHO AQ guidelines. +
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particulate matter, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulphur dioxide and organic commpounds released by vegetatio burning. Great concern for persistent organic pollutants (POPs). NO2 SO2 healthe effects in urban areas. +
personal communication by e-mail
95 monitoring stations in S. America +
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ppt presentation +
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prepared by Committee on Environment and Natural Resources Research (CENR) and AQRS. Based on analysis of various monitoring networks offers needs and issues, opportunities, and barriers to progress to improve future monitoring systems. meant for managers and resource decision makers +
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the lack of ambient monitoring data, and particularly urban roadside concentrations for particulate matter in SSA cities severely hinders our ability to describe temporal and spatial patterns of concentrations, characterize exposure–response relationships +
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web based document, 14 stations +
web based information,
66 station, 19 counties
Just in time
on line daily average reported +
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web based on line aitr quality information +
