Concepts Glossary

From Earth Science Information Partners (ESIP)
Revision as of 18:06, October 22, 2014 by Koz (talk | contribs)

Spirals:

  • Attribute Convention for Data Discovery - Highly Recommended
  • Attribute Convention for Data Discovery - Recommended
  • Attribute Convention for Data Discovery - Suggested
  • Catalog Services for the Web (CSW) Core Queryables
  • Catalog Service for the Web (CSW) Additional Queryable Properties
  • Catalog Services for the Web (CSW) Core Returnable Properties
  • DCAT for Data Discovery - Mandatory
  • DIF for Data Discovery - Required
  • DIF for Data Discovery - Highly Recommended
  • ECHO for Data Discovery - Mandatory
  • ECHO for Data Discovery - Recommended
  • ECS for Data Discovery - Mandatory
  • FGDC for Data Discovery - Mandatory
  • ISO-1 for Service Discovery - Mandatory
  • ISO-1 for Service Discovery - Conditional
  • ISO-1 for Service Discovery - Optional
  • ACDD Variable Attributes for Usability - Highly Recommended
  • SERF for Service Discovery - Required
  • SERF for Service Discovery - Highly Recommended
  • WSDL for Web Service Description
  • ISO Lineage
  • ISO Quality
  • ISO External References


NameDescriptionSpirals
AbstractA paragraph describing the resource.
  • Attribute Convention for Data Discovery - Highly Recommended
  • Catalog Services for the Web (CSW) Core Queryables
  • Catalog Services for the Web (CSW) Core Returnable Properties
  • DCAT for Data Discovery - Mandatory
  • DIF for Data Discovery - Required
  • ECHO for Data Discovery - Mandatory
  • ECS for Data Discovery - Mandatory
  • FGDC for Data Discovery - Mandatory
  • ISO-1 for Service Discovery - Mandatory
  • SERF for Service Discovery - Required
AcknowledgementProvides a place to acknowledge various types of support for the project that produced the data.
  • Attribute Convention for Data Discovery - Recommended
Additional AttributesAttributes used to describe unique characteristics of the collection which extend beyond those defined in the model.
  • ECHO for Data Discovery - Recommended
Additional Lineage DocumentationAdditional descriptive information, such as a publication that describes the process for generating the resource.
  • ISO External References
Additional Resource DocumentationOther documentation associated with the resource.
  • ISO External References
Additional Usage DocumentationPublications that describe usage of data.
  • ISO External References
Algorithm CitationInformation identifying the algorithm and version or date.
  • ISO External References
Alternate Metadata CitationReference to alternative metadata or metadata in a non-ISO standard for the same resource.
  • ISO External References
Application Schema InformationName of the application schema used.
  • ISO External References
AssociatedDIFsSpecifies the Directory Interchange Format (DIF) identifier for the collection.
  • ECHO for Data Discovery - Recommended
AssociationComplete statement of a one-to-one relationship
  • Catalog Services for the Web (CSW) Core Queryables
Author / OriginatorThe principal author of the resource
  • Catalog Services for the Web (CSW) Core Returnable Properties
Author / Originator Email AddressThe electronic mail address of the principal author of the resource
  • Attribute Convention for Data Discovery - Recommended
Author / Originator World Wide Web AddressThe World Wide Web mail address of the principal author of the cited resource
  • Attribute Convention for Data Discovery - Recommended
BindingA protocol and data format specification for a particular interface.
  • WSDL for Web Service Description
Bounding BoxA bounding box for identifying a geographic area of interest
  • Attribute Convention for Data Discovery - Recommended
  • Catalog Services for the Web (CSW) Core Queryables
  • Catalog Services for the Web (CSW) Core Returnable Properties
  • DIF for Data Discovery - Highly Recommended
  • FGDC for Data Discovery - Mandatory
  • ISO-1 for Service Discovery - Mandatory
Browse File NameName of the file holding the browse graphic.
  • ECHO for Data Discovery - Recommended
Common Data Model DatatypeThe THREDDS data type for this resource.
  • Attribute Convention for Data Discovery - Recommended
Complete CitationComplete citation for the resource as a text blob.
  • DIF for Data Discovery - Highly Recommended
Completeness ReportThe presence and absence of features, their attributes and relationships.
  • ISO Quality
ConfidenceTrustworthiness of a data quality result.
  • ISO Quality
Conformance ResultInformation about the outcome of evaluating the obtained value (or set of values) against a specified acceptable conformance quality level.
  • ISO Quality
Constraint ReferenceCitation for the limitation or constraint.
  • ISO External References
Contributor NameContributor to the resource
  • Attribute Convention for Data Discovery - Suggested
  • Catalog Services for the Web (CSW) Core Returnable Properties
Contributor RoleThe role of any individuals or institutions that contributed to the creation of the data.
  • Attribute Convention for Data Discovery - Suggested
Coordinate Reference System (CRS)Geographic Coordinate Reference System (Authority and ID) for the BoundingBox
  • Catalog Services for the Web (CSW) Core Queryables
Coupled ResourceIdentifier and name of the dataset to which the service is coupled.
  • ISO-1 for Service Discovery - Conditional
Coupled TypeDescribes the tightness of the coupling to the coupled resource.
  • ISO-1 for Service Discovery - Conditional
Coverage Content TypeAn item from a shared vocabulary of content types: image, thematicClassification, physicalMeasurement, auxiliaryInformation, qualityInformation, referenceInformation, modelResult
  • ACDD Variable Attributes for Usability - Highly Recommended
Coverage ResultResult organising the measured values as a coverage.
  • ISO Quality
Creation DateDate of creation of the cited resource
  • ISO-1 for Service Discovery - Mandatory
A link to data produced by the project.
  • ECHO for Data Discovery - Recommended
Data Quality ScopeThe specific data to which the data quality information applies.
  • ISO Quality
DateThe date of a creation or update event of the catalogue record.
  • Catalog Services for the Web (CSW) Core Returnable Properties
Descriptive ResultData quality descriptive result.
  • ISO Quality
Distribution ContactContact information for the organization or individual that distributes the resource.
  • DIF for Data Discovery - Required
  • ECHO for Data Discovery - Recommended
  • ECS for Data Discovery - Mandatory
  • FGDC for Data Discovery - Mandatory
  • SERF for Service Discovery - Highly Recommended
  • SERF for Service Discovery - Required
Distribution LiabilityStatement of the liability assumed by the distributor.
  • FGDC for Data Discovery - Mandatory
Easternmost LongitudeThe easternmost longitude of the bounding rectangle.
  • Attribute Convention for Data Discovery - Recommended
End TimeThe end of the bounding time period
  • Attribute Convention for Data Discovery - Recommended
Evaluation Method DescriptionDescription of the evaluation method.
  • ISO Quality
Evaluation ProcedureReference to the procedure information.
  • ISO External References
  • ISO Quality
Evaluation ReferenceInformation on documents which are referenced in developing and applying a data quality evaluation method.
  • ISO Quality
Evaluation Reference DocumentInformation on documents which are referenced in developing and applying a data quality evaluation method.
  • ISO External References
Evaluation SpecificationCitation of data product specification or user requirement against which data is being evaluated.
  • ISO External References
Evalulation MethodThe procedure used to evaluate the measure.
  • ISO Quality
Evalulation Method TypeType of method used to evaluate quality of the data.
  • ISO Quality
Feature Catalogue CitationInformation identifying the feature catalogue or the conceptual schema.
  • ISO External References
Format CitationCitation/URL of the specification for the format.
  • ISO External References
Has Security ConstraintsAre there any security constraints?
  • Catalog Service for the Web (CSW) Additional Queryable Properties
HomogeneityExpected or tested uniformity of the results obtained for a data quality evaluation.
  • ISO Quality
Identified Issues CitationCitation of a description of known issues associated with the resource along with proposed solutions if available.
  • ISO External References
InstrumentInformation about the instrument used to make the observations.
  • DIF for Data Discovery - Highly Recommended
Instrument CitationA citation to reference material that provides details about the instrument.
  • ISO External References
Instrument KeywordKeywords that describe the instrument used to collect the resource.
  • SERF for Service Discovery - Highly Recommended
Instrument TypeThe type of instrument.
  • ECHO for Data Discovery - Recommended
InterfaceA set of operations supported by one or more service endpoints.
  • WSDL for Web Service Description
KeywordA word or phrase that describes some aspect of a resource. Can be one of several types.
  • ACDD Variable Attributes for Usability - Highly Recommended
  • Attribute Convention for Data Discovery - Highly Recommended
  • Catalog Services for the Web (CSW) Core Queryables
  • DCAT for Data Discovery - Mandatory
  • DIF for Data Discovery - Required
  • ECHO for Data Discovery - Recommended
  • FGDC for Data Discovery - Mandatory
  • ISO-1 for Service Discovery - Optional
  • SERF for Service Discovery - Required
Keyword Ontology CitationReference that binds the keyword class to a formal conceptualization of a knowledge domain for use in semantic processing.
  • ISO External References
Keyword TypeMethods used to group similar keywords
  • Catalog Service for the Web (CSW) Additional Queryable Properties
Keyword VocabularyIf you are following a guideline or using a shared vocabulary for the words/phrases in your "keywords" attribute, put the name of that guideline here.
  • ACDD Variable Attributes for Usability - Highly Recommended
  • Attribute Convention for Data Discovery - Recommended
Keyword Vocabulary CitationName of the formally registered thesaurus or a similar authoritative source of keywords.
  • ISO External References
Lineage ScopeType of resource and/or extent to which the lineage information applies.
  • ISO Lineage
Lineage StatementInformation and references for sources and processes that were used to create the dataset and an audit trail for modifications to the original data.
  • Attribute Convention for Data Discovery - Recommended
  • ISO Lineage
Logical ConsistencyThe degree of adherence to logical rules of data structure, attribution and relationships (data structure can be conceptual, logical or physical).
  • ISO Quality
MeasureThe type of evaluation
  • ISO Quality
Measure DescriptionDescription of the measure.
  • ISO Quality
Measure IdentifierIdentifier of the measure, value uniquely identifying the measure within a namespace.
  • ISO Quality
Measure NameName of the test applied to the data.
  • ISO Quality
Measure Source CitationReference to the source.
  • ISO External References
Measure TimeDate or range of dates on which a data quality measure was applied.
  • ISO Quality
MediaMedia on which the resource is available
  • SERF for Service Discovery - Highly Recommended
Medium ReferenceName of the medium on which the resource can be stored (resourceFormat) or distributed.
  • ISO External References
Metadata ContactThe organization or person currently responsible for the metadata.
  • FGDC for Data Discovery - Mandatory
  • ISO-1 for Service Discovery - Mandatory
Metadata IdentifierA phrase or string which uniquely identifies the metadata file/record.
  • Catalog Services for the Web (CSW) Core Queryables
  • Catalog Services for the Web (CSW) Core Returnable Properties
  • DCAT for Data Discovery - Mandatory
  • DIF for Data Discovery - Required
  • ISO-1 for Service Discovery - Optional
  • SERF for Service Discovery - Required
Metadata LanguageLanguage of the metadata
  • Catalog Service for the Web (CSW) Additional Queryable Properties
  • Catalog Services for the Web (CSW) Core Returnable Properties
Metadata Profile CitationCitation for the profile(s) of the metadata standard to which the metadata conforms.
  • ISO External References
Metadata Standard CitationThe name of the standard to which the metadata conforms
  • DIF for Data Discovery - Required
  • FGDC for Data Discovery - Mandatory
  • ISO External References
Metadata Standard VersionThe name of the standard to which the metadata conforms
  • DIF for Data Discovery - Required
  • FGDC for Data Discovery - Mandatory
Modified DateDate on which the record was created or updated within the catalogue
  • Catalog Services for the Web (CSW) Core Queryables
  • DCAT for Data Discovery - Mandatory
  • ECHO for Data Discovery - Mandatory
  • ECS for Data Discovery - Mandatory
Naming AuthorityThe organization responsible for the maintenance of the identifier (namespace)
  • Attribute Convention for Data Discovery - Recommended
Northernmost LatitudeThe northernmost latitude of the bounding rectangle.
  • Attribute Convention for Data Discovery - Recommended
Online ResourceOnline Resource for the cited resource
  • DIF for Data Discovery - Highly Recommended
Operation CitationIdentification of the mission.
  • ISO External References
Ordering InstructionsGeneral instructions, terms and services provided by the distributor
  • ECHO for Data Discovery - Mandatory
Organization NameName of the organization
  • Catalog Service for the Web (CSW) Additional Queryable Properties
Originating OrganizationThe organization responsible for creating the resource
  • Attribute Convention for Data Discovery - Recommended
  • FGDC for Data Discovery - Mandatory
Paleo-Temporal CoverageFor paleoclimate or geologic data, “Paleo_Temporal_Coverage” is the period of time covered by the data collected.
  • DIF for Data Discovery - Highly Recommended
Parameters CitationReference providing description of the parameters.
  • ISO External References
Parent IdentifierA unique identifier for a parent dataset or collection
  • Catalog Service for the Web (CSW) Additional Queryable Properties
Parent Metadata ReferenceIdentification of the parent metadata record.
  • ISO External References
Place KeywordA comma separated list of key words and phrases that give the location of the resource.
  • DIF for Data Discovery - Highly Recommended
Plan CitationIdentification of authority requesting target collection.
  • ISO External References
PlatformThe platform used to collect the observations.
  • DIF for Data Discovery - Highly Recommended
Platform CitationSource where information about the platform is described.
  • ISO External References
Platform KeywordKeywords that describe the platform used to collect the resource.
  • ECHO for Data Discovery - Recommended
  • SERF for Service Discovery - Highly Recommended
Portrayal Catalogue CitationInformation identifying the portrayal catalogue used.
  • ISO External References
Positional Accuracy ReportAccuracy of the position of features within a spatial reference system.
  • ISO Quality
Process StepA step in the processing that produced a resource
  • ISO Lineage
Process Step DescriptionDescription of the event, including related parameters or tolerances.
  • ISO Lineage
Process Step PurposeRequirement or purpose for the process step.
  • ISO Lineage
Process Step ReferenceProcess step documentation.
  • ISO External References
  • ISO Lineage
Process Step ScopeType of resource and/or extent to which the process step applies.
  • ISO Lineage
Process Step TimeDate, time, range or period of process step.
  • ISO Lineage
Processing CitationReference to documentation describing the processing.
  • ISO External References
Processing LevelA code that indicates the extent of processing done in the creation of a dataset.
  • Attribute Convention for Data Discovery - Recommended
  • ECHO for Data Discovery - Recommended
Processing Software ReferenceReference to document describing processing software.
  • ISO External References
ProcessorIdentification of, and means of communication with, person(s) and organisation(s) associated with the process step.
  • ECS for Data Discovery - Mandatory
  • ISO Lineage
Project KeywordKeywords that describe the Project used to collect the resource.
  • SERF for Service Discovery - Highly Recommended
Project NameThe name of the project that the resource was associated with.
  • Attribute Convention for Data Discovery - Recommended
Publication DateDate of publication of the cited resource
  • Catalog Service for the Web (CSW) Additional Queryable Properties
  • ECHO for Data Discovery - Mandatory
  • FGDC for Data Discovery - Mandatory
PublisherPublisher of the cited resource
  • Attribute Convention for Data Discovery - Suggested
  • Catalog Services for the Web (CSW) Core Returnable Properties
  • DCAT for Data Discovery - Mandatory
Publisher E-MailEmail associated with the publisher of the cited resource
  • Attribute Convention for Data Discovery - Suggested
Publisher URLWorld Wide Web address associated with the publisher of the cited resource
  • Attribute Convention for Data Discovery - Suggested
PurposeA paragraph describing the original purpose for collecting the dataset.
  • FGDC for Data Discovery - Mandatory
  • SERF for Service Discovery - Required
Quantitative ResultThe values or information about the value(s) (or set of values) obtained from applying a data quality measure.
  • ISO Quality
Reference to the metadata of the associated resource.
  • ISO External References
Citation information about the associated resource.
  • ISO External References
Identifier for a resource related to the resource being described.
  • ECHO for Data Discovery - Recommended
RelationA reference to a related resource.
  • Catalog Services for the Web (CSW) Core Returnable Properties
ReportQuantitative quality information for the data specified by the scope.
  • ISO Quality
RepresentativityDegree to which the sample used has produced a result which is representative of the data within the data quality scope.
  • ISO Quality
Requirement CitationIdentification of reference or guidance material for the requirement.
  • ISO External References
Resource Access ConstraintsInformation about any constraints for accessing the data set. This includes any special restrictions, legal prerequisites, limitations and/or warnings on obtaining the data set. Some words that may be used in this field include: Public, In-house, Limited, Additional detailed instructions on how to access the data can be entered in this field.
  • Attribute Convention for Data Discovery - Recommended
  • DCAT for Data Discovery - Mandatory
  • DIF for Data Discovery - Highly Recommended
  • ECHO for Data Discovery - Mandatory
  • FGDC for Data Discovery - Mandatory
  • SERF for Service Discovery - Highly Recommended
Resource CitationCitation for the resource.
  • ISO External References
  • SERF for Service Discovery - Highly Recommended
Resource ContactThe organization or person responsible for answering questions about the resource.
  • Attribute Convention for Data Discovery - Recommended
  • DCAT for Data Discovery - Mandatory
  • DIF for Data Discovery - Highly Recommended
  • ECHO for Data Discovery - Recommended
  • ISO-1 for Service Discovery - Optional
  • SERF for Service Discovery - Highly Recommended
Resource Cost or FeesCost associated with access to the resource
  • ECHO for Data Discovery - Recommended
  • SERF for Service Discovery - Highly Recommended
Resource Creation/Revision DateThe date the resource was created
  • Attribute Convention for Data Discovery - Recommended
  • Catalog Service for the Web (CSW) Additional Queryable Properties
  • ISO-1 for Service Discovery - Optional
Resource DurationThe temporal duration of a resource.
  • Attribute Convention for Data Discovery - Recommended
Resource FormatThe physical or digital manifestation of the resource
  • Catalog Services for the Web (CSW) Core Queryables
  • Catalog Services for the Web (CSW) Core Returnable Properties
  • SERF for Service Discovery - Highly Recommended
Resource IdentifierIdentifier for the resource described by the metadata
  • Attribute Convention for Data Discovery - Recommended
  • Catalog Service for the Web (CSW) Additional Queryable Properties
  • ECHO for Data Discovery - Mandatory
  • ISO-1 for Service Discovery - Optional
Resource LanguageThe language of the resource.
  • DIF for Data Discovery - Highly Recommended
  • SERF for Service Discovery - Highly Recommended
Resource Long NameThe reference name used in describing the scientific contents of the data collection.
  • ECHO for Data Discovery - Mandatory
Resource Quality DescriptionDescription of the quality of the resource or any quality assurance procedures followed in producing the resource.
  • SERF for Service Discovery - Highly Recommended
Resource ScopeThe nature or genre of the content of the resource. Type can include general categories, genres or aggregation levels of content.
  • Catalog Services for the Web (CSW) Core Queryables
  • Catalog Services for the Web (CSW) Core Returnable Properties
Resource StatusThe status of the resource
  • DIF for Data Discovery - Highly Recommended
  • FGDC for Data Discovery - Mandatory
Resource TitleA short description of the resource. The title should be descriptive enough so that when a user is presented with a list of titles the general content of the data set can be determined.
  • Attribute Convention for Data Discovery - Highly Recommended
  • Catalog Services for the Web (CSW) Core Queryables
  • Catalog Services for the Web (CSW) Core Returnable Properties
  • DCAT for Data Discovery - Mandatory
  • DIF for Data Discovery - Required
  • ECHO for Data Discovery - Mandatory
  • ECS for Data Discovery - Mandatory
  • FGDC for Data Discovery - Mandatory
  • ISO-1 for Service Discovery - Mandatory
  • SERF for Service Discovery - Highly Recommended
  • SERF for Service Discovery - Required
Resource TypeA resource code identifying the type of resource e.g. dataset, a collection, an application (see MD_ScopeCode) which the metadata describes.
  • ISO-1 for Service Discovery - Mandatory
Resource Update FrequencyThe frequency with which changes and additions are made to the data set after the initial data set is completed
  • FGDC for Data Discovery - Mandatory
Resource Use ConstraintsInformation about how the data may or may not be used after access is granted to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property. This includes any special restrictions, legal prerequisites, terms and conditions, and/or limitations on using the data set. Data providers may request acknowledgement of the data from users and claim no responsibility for quality and completeness of data.
  • DIF for Data Discovery - Highly Recommended
  • FGDC for Data Discovery - Mandatory
  • ISO-1 for Service Discovery - Optional
  • SERF for Service Discovery - Highly Recommended
Online link referencing additional information about the resource.
  • ECHO for Data Discovery - Recommended
  • ISO-1 for Service Discovery - Optional
ResultThe output of the evaluation
  • ISO Quality
Revision DateDate of revision of the cited resource
  • Catalog Service for the Web (CSW) Additional Queryable Properties
RightsInformation about rights held in and over the resource
  • Catalog Services for the Web (CSW) Core Returnable Properties
Sensor CharacteristicsReferential information for the collection source/sensor configuration.
  • ECHO for Data Discovery - Recommended
ServiceThe end points supported by the web service.
  • WSDL for Web Service Description
Service LocationEndpoint for accessing the service.
  • SERF for Service Discovery - Highly Recommended
  • WSDL for Web Service Description
Service Operation NameName of an operation provided by the service.
  • WSDL for Web Service Description
Service Operation ReferenceProvides a reference to the resource on which the service operates.
  • ISO External References
Service Profile ReferenceProfile to which the service adheres.
  • ISO External References
Service Resource ReferenceReference to the resource on which the service operates.
  • ISO External References
Service Standard CitationStandard to which the service adheres.
  • ISO External References
SourceA reference to a resource from which the present resource is derived.
  • Catalog Services for the Web (CSW) Core Returnable Properties
  • ISO Lineage
Source CitationRecommended reference to be used for the source.
  • ISO External References
  • ISO Lineage
Source DescriptionDetailed description of the source.
  • ISO Lineage
Source MetadataReference to metadata for the source.
  • ISO Lineage
Source Reference SystemSpatial reference system used by the source.
  • ISO Lineage
Source ScopeType and/or extent of the source.
  • ISO Lineage
Source StepInformation about a process step in which this source was used.
  • ISO Lineage
Southernmost LatitudeThe southernmost latitude of the bounding rectangle.
  • Attribute Convention for Data Discovery - Recommended
Spatial ExtentThe spatial extent of the resource.
  • ECHO for Data Discovery - Recommended
Spatial ResolutionThe nominal scale and/or spatial resolution of the resource.
  • DIF for Data Discovery - Highly Recommended
Standalone Report CitationReference to external standalone quality report.
  • ISO External References
  • ISO Quality
Standard Name VocabularyThe name of the shared vocabulary from which variable standard names are taken.
  • Attribute Convention for Data Discovery - Recommended
Start TimeThe start of the bounding time period
  • Attribute Convention for Data Discovery - Recommended
Temporal ExtentThe temporal extent of the resource
  • DIF for Data Discovery - Highly Recommended
  • ECHO for Data Discovery - Recommended
  • FGDC for Data Discovery - Mandatory
Temporal KeywordKeyword identifies a time period related to the resource.
  • ECHO for Data Discovery - Recommended
Temporal Quality ReportQuality of the temporal attributes and temporal relationships of features.
  • ISO Quality
Temporal ResolutionThe smallest time step included in the resource.
  • Attribute Convention for Data Discovery - Recommended
  • DIF for Data Discovery - Highly Recommended
Thematic Accuracy ReportAccuracy of quantitative attributes and the correctness of non-quantitative attributes and of the classifications of features and their relationships.
  • ISO Quality
Topic CategoryHigh level category enumeration used in ISO
  • DIF for Data Discovery - Required
  • ISO-1 for Service Discovery - Optional
TwoDCoordinateSystemBounding extent defined in two dimensions with min and max values.
  • ECHO for Data Discovery - Recommended
TypesDescribes the data. The XML Schema language (also known as XSD) is used (inline or referenced) for this purpose.
  • WSDL for Web Service Description
UnitsThe units of the variables data values.
  • ACDD Variable Attributes for Usability - Highly Recommended
Usability ReportSpecific quality information about a dataset’s suitability for a particular application or conformance to a set of requirements.
  • ISO Quality
VersionVersion of the cited resource
  • ECHO for Data Discovery - Mandatory
  • ECS for Data Discovery - Mandatory
Version DescriptionA brief description of the differences between this collection version and another collection version.
  • ECS for Data Discovery - Mandatory
Vertical MaximumThe maximum height of the bounding rectangle
  • Attribute Convention for Data Discovery - Recommended
Vertical MinimumThe minimum height of the bounding rectangle
  • Attribute Convention for Data Discovery - Recommended
Westernmost LongitudeThe westernmost longitude of the bounding rectangle.
  • Attribute Convention for Data Discovery - Recommended