Citation Documentation

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I need to provide references for datasets and associated resources.

Overview

Citations are used to provide information about citing the resource being described in the metadata or to refer to resources outside of the metadata record. These citations are an important part of the identification information and, as such, they are in a special location in the record. In addition, they can provide connection to relevant materials that can not be included in the metadata.

Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (CSDGM)

Structure

The CSDGM uses a standard "cite info" object for citations, see FGDC Citation for complete description.

<citation>
    <citeinfo>
        <origin>/metadata/idinfo/citation/citeinfo/origin</origin>
        <pubdate>/metadata/idinfo/citation/citeinfo/pubdate</pubdate>
        <pubtime>/metadata/idinfo/citation/citeinfo/pubtime</pubtime>
        <title>/metadata/idinfo/citation/citeinfo/title</title>
        <edition>/metadata/idinfo/citation/citeinfo/edition</edition>
        <geoform>/metadata/idinfo/citation/citeinfo/geoform</geoform>
        <serinfo>
            <sername>/metadata/idinfo/citation/citeinfo/serinfo/sername</sername>
            <issue>/metadata/idinfo/citation/citeinfo/serinfo/issue</issue>
        </serinfo>
        <pubinfo>
            <pubplace>/metadata/idinfo/citation/citeinfo/pubinfo/pubplace</pubplace>
            <publish>/metadata/idinfo/citation/citeinfo/pubinfo/publish</publish>
        </pubinfo>
        <othercit>/metadata/idinfo/citation/citeinfo/othercit</othercit>
        <onlink>/metadata/idinfo/citation/citeinfo/onlink</onlink>
        <lworkcit>
            <citeinfo/>
        </lworkcit>
    </citeinfo>
</citation>

Usage

UsageDescription and Xpath
Citation for resource being documented/metadata/idinfo/citation/citeinfo
Citation for cross reference./metadata/idinfo/crossref/citeinfo
Citation for source used in lineage./metadata/dataqual/lineage/srcinfo/srccite/citeinfo

Note: all of these citations can include a citation to a larger work: e.g. /metadata/idinfo/citation/citeinfo/lworkcit/citeinfo

Directory Interchange Format (DIF)

The DIF Standard uses two types of citations for the dataset and for references.

Structure

<Data_Set_Citation>
    <Dataset_Creator>/DIF/Data_Set_Citation/Dataset_Creator</Dataset_Creator>
    <Dataset_Editor>/DIF/Data_Set_Citation/Dataset_Editor</Dataset_Editor>
    <Dataset_Title>/DIF/Data_Set_Citation/Dataset_Title</Dataset_Title>
    <Dataset_Series_Name>/DIF/Data_Set_Citation/Dataset_Series_Name</Dataset_Series_Name>
    <Dataset_Release_Date>/DIF/Data_Set_Citation/Dataset_Release_Date</Dataset_Release_Date>
    <Dataset_Release_Place>/DIF/Data_Set_Citation/Dataset_Release_Place</Dataset_Release_Place>
    <Dataset_Publisher>/DIF/Data_Set_Citation/Dataset_Publisher</Dataset_Publisher>
    <Version>/DIF/Data_Set_Citation/Version</Version>
    <Issue_Identification>/DIF/Data_Set_Citation/Issue_Identification</Issue_Identification>
    <Data_Presentation_Form>/DIF/Data_Set_Citation/Data_Presentation_Form</Data_Presentation_Form>
    <Other_Citation_Details>/DIF/Data_Set_Citation/Other_Citation_Details</Other_Citation_Details>
    <Dataset_DOI>/DIF/Data_Set_Citation/Dataset_DOI</Dataset_DOI>
    <Online_Resource>/DIF/Data_Set_Citation/Online_Resource</Online_Resource>
</Data_Set_Citation>

or

<Reference>
    <Author>/DIF/Reference/Author</Author>
    <Publication_Date>/DIF/Reference/Publication_Date</Publication_Date>
    <Title>/DIF/Reference/Title</Title>
    <Series>/DIF/Reference/Series</Series>
    <Edition>/DIF/Reference/Edition</Edition>
    <Volume>/DIF/Reference/Volume</Volume>
    <Issue>/DIF/Reference/Issue</Issue>
    <Report_Number>/DIF/Reference/Report_Number</Report_Number>
    <Publication_Place>/DIF/Reference/Publication_Place</Publication_Place>
    <Publisher>/DIF/Reference/Publisher</Publisher>
    <Pages>/DIF/Reference/Pages</Pages>
    <ISBN>/DIF/Reference/ISBN</ISBN>
    <DOI>/DIF/Reference/DOI</DOI>
    <Online_Resource>/DIF/Reference/Online_Resource</Online_Resource>
    <Other_Reference_Details>/DIF/Reference/Other_Reference_Details</Other_Reference_Details>
</Reference>

EOS Clearinghouse (ECHO)

The ECHO 10 Standard uses an undifferentiated string for resource citation.

Structure

<CitationForExternalPublication>/Collection/CitationForExternalPublication</CitationForExternalPublication>

International Standards Organization (ISO)

Structure

<pre<noinclude> style="white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: -moz-pre-wrap; white-space: -pre-wrap; white-space: -o-pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;"> <gmd:CI_Citation>

   <gmd:title>
       <gco:CharacterString>/gmd:MD_Metadata/gmd:referenceSystemInfo/gmd:MD_ReferenceSystem/gmd:referenceSystemIdentifier/gmd:RS_Identifier/gmd:authority/gmd:CI_Citation/gmd:title/gco:CharacterString</gco:CharacterString>
   </gmd:title>
   <gmd:date>
       <gmd:CI_Date>
           <gmd:date>
               <gco:DateTime>2011-04-04T00:00:00</gco:DateTime>
           </gmd:date>
           <gmd:dateType>
               <gmd:CI_DateTypeCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode" codeListValue="publication"/>
           </gmd:dateType>
       </gmd:CI_Date>
   </gmd:date>
   <gmd:date>
       <gmd:CI_Date>
           <gmd:date>
               <gco:Date>2777-07-07</gco:Date>
           </gmd:date>
           <gmd:dateType>
               <gmd:CI_DateTypeCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode" codeListValue="publication"/>
           </gmd:dateType>
       </gmd:CI_Date>
   </gmd:date>
   <gmd:citedResponsibleParty>
       <gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
           <gmd:organisationName>
               <gco:CharacterString>/gmd:MD_Metadata/gmd:referenceSystemInfo/gmd:MD_ReferenceSystem/gmd:referenceSystemIdentifier/gmd:RS_Identifier/gmd:authority/gmd:CI_Citation/gmd:citedResponsibleParty/gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty/gmd:organisationName/gco:CharacterString</gco:CharacterString>
           </gmd:organisationName>
           <gmd:contactInfo>
               <gmd:CI_Contact>
                   <gmd:onlineResource>
                       <gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
                           <gmd:linkage>
                               <gmd:URL>/gmd:MD_Metadata/gmd:referenceSystemInfo/gmd:MD_ReferenceSystem/gmd:referenceSystemIdentifier/gmd:RS_Identifier/gmd:authority/gmd:CI_Citation/gmd:citedResponsibleParty/gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty/gmd:contactInfo/gmd:CI_Contact/gmd:onlineResource/gmd:CI_OnlineResource/gmd:linkage/gmd:URL</gmd:URL>
                           </gmd:linkage>
                           <gmd:name>
                               <gco:CharacterString>/gmd:MD_Metadata/gmd:referenceSystemInfo/gmd:MD_ReferenceSystem/gmd:referenceSystemIdentifier/gmd:RS_Identifier/gmd:authority/gmd:CI_Citation/gmd:citedResponsibleParty/gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty/gmd:contactInfo/gmd:CI_Contact/gmd:onlineResource/gmd:CI_OnlineResource/gmd:name/gco:CharacterString</gco:CharacterString>
                           </gmd:name>
                           <gmd:description>
                               <gco:CharacterString>/gmd:MD_Metadata/gmd:referenceSystemInfo/gmd:MD_ReferenceSystem/gmd:referenceSystemIdentifier/gmd:RS_Identifier/gmd:authority/gmd:CI_Citation/gmd:citedResponsibleParty/gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty/gmd:contactInfo/gmd:CI_Contact/gmd:onlineResource/gmd:CI_OnlineResource/gmd:description/gco:CharacterString</gco:CharacterString>
                           </gmd:description>
                           <gmd:function>
                               <gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_OnLineFunctionCode" codeListValue="/gmd:MD_Metadata/gmd:referenceSystemInfo/gmd:MD_ReferenceSystem/gmd:referenceSystemIdentifier/gmd:RS_Identifier/gmd:authority/gmd:CI_Citation/gmd:citedResponsibleParty/gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty/gmd:contactInfo/gmd:CI_Contact/gmd:onlineResource/gmd:CI_OnlineResource/gmd:function/gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode">/gmd:MD_Metadata/gmd:referenceSystemInfo/gmd:MD_ReferenceSystem/gmd:referenceSystemIdentifier/gmd:RS_Identifier/gmd:authority/gmd:CI_Citation/gmd:citedResponsibleParty/gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty/gmd:contactInfo/gmd:CI_Contact/gmd:onlineResource/gmd:CI_OnlineResource/gmd:function/gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode</gmd:CI_OnLineFunctionCode>
                           </gmd:function>
                       </gmd:CI_OnlineResource>
                   </gmd:onlineResource>
               </gmd:CI_Contact>
           </gmd:contactInfo>
           <gmd:role>
               <gmd:CI_RoleCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#" codeListValue="/gmd:MD_Metadata/gmd:referenceSystemInfo/gmd:MD_ReferenceSystem/gmd:referenceSystemIdentifier/gmd:RS_Identifier/gmd:authority/gmd:CI_Citation/gmd:citedResponsibleParty/gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty/gmd:role/gmd:CI_RoleCode">/gmd:MD_Metadata/gmd:referenceSystemInfo/gmd:MD_ReferenceSystem/gmd:referenceSystemIdentifier/gmd:RS_Identifier/gmd:authority/gmd:CI_Citation/gmd:citedResponsibleParty/gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty/gmd:role/gmd:CI_RoleCode</gmd:CI_RoleCode>
           </gmd:role>
       </gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty>
   </gmd:citedResponsibleParty>

</gmd:CI_Citation>

The CI_Citation includes two required and eleven optional elements and introduces several new objects. The CI_Series object gives the name, issue, and page numbers of an article in a periodical. The ISBN and ISSN elements are internationally recognized identifiers for books and periodicals. The MI_Identifier and CI_Date objects are discussed below.

Usage

CI_Citation serves two purposes in the ISO 19115 Standard. First, it gives the information required to cite the data or the service (the resource) that is being described in the metadata. This CI_Citation can be part of the gmd:MD_DataIdentification or srv:ServiceIdentification objects.

Usage Description and Xpath
Resource Citation

The Resource Citation includes information that should be used when citing the resource that is being described by the metadata record. It includes descriptions of the people involved in the creation of the resource. They usually have roles of originator, author, or principleInvestigator.

An important enhancement to the CI_Citation object occured in ISO 19115-1. The enhancement includes the addition of OnlineResource and BrowseGraphic fields which enable online digital resources and graphics to be referenced from the CI_Citation object.  An expanded description is available in the Revisions section of this page.

/gmi:MI_Metadata/gmd:identificationInfo/gmd:MD_DataIdentification/gmd:citation

or

/gmi:MI_Metadata/gmd:identificationInfo/srv:ServiceIdentification/gmd:citation

CI_Citation++

Second, CI_Citations provide information about external references that are related to the resource being described and provide additional documentation. This Figure shows most of the places where CI_Citations occur. Those shown in red were added in ISO 19115-1. In many of these situations the CI_Citation is in an object with a generally small amount of additional annotation information. This additional information is available to the user so they may not need to look up the resource cited in the CI_Citation. These objects are termed CI_Citation++.

The most straightforward member of this group is the MI_Identifier, which includes a code, the identifier, and a CI_Citation for the authority for the code. The MD_Identifier is used throughout the standard to attach a unique identifier to objects, including CI_Citations.

Usage Description and Xpath
Identifier The MD_Identifier is the simplest of the CI_Citation++ objects. It includes a code and an authority. The code is an alphanumeric value identifying an object in a namespace that is maintained by the authority. In this case the CI_Citation cites the authority for the code. In many ways this is similar to the namespace for the code. It is the authority which understands and can explain or resolve the code. There is no agreed upon approach for how the namespace is described in the CI_Citation.

ISO 19115-1 addresses this limitation by adding a codeSpace field to the MD_Identifier object.  The codeSpace field unambiguously defines the namespace for the identifier. ISO 19115-1 also includes  description and version fields in the MD_Identifier object.    The description field enables a brief description of the code to be documented, and the version field enables the the Identifier version to be documented.

//gmd:MD_Identifier

Reference System Identifier The RS_Identifier extends the MD_Identifier by adding a codeSpace and a version for the namespace. These additions address the lack of an agreed upon approach for describing a namespace using the authority/gco:CI_Citation alone. However, the standard only supports RS_Identifiers in the referenceSystemInfo class.

Note: In ISO 19115-1 the RS_Identifier object is replaced with an MD_Identifier object which includes  codeSpace, version and description fields. See the MD_Identifier description above. //gmd:RS_Identifier

Keyword Thesaurus Citation The MD_Keywords object is similar to an MD_Identifier in that it gives a keyword that is unique in a "namespace" that is maintained by the individual or organization cited in the thesaurusName. In this case, the type codeList is used to group related keywords.

Note: In ISO 19115-1, 10 additional GCMD keyword type codes have been added to the codelist.  These codes will help improve consistent data discovery, particularly using faceted searches. /gmi:MI_Metadata/gmd:identificationInfo/gmd:MD_DataIdentification srv:ServiceIdentification/gmd:descriptiveKeywords/gmd:MD_Keywords/gmd:thesaurusName

Algorithm Citation The Algorithm Citation is straightforward. It includes a description that, like the description in the CI_OnlineResource object, should provide information that identifies the algorithm used to process data so that a user can understand that information without following the citation. The description is similar to an abstract for the algorithm referenced in the CI_Citation.

/gmi:MI_Metadata/gmd:dataQualityInfo/gmd:MD_DataQuality/gmd:lineage/gmd:LE_Lineage/gmd:processStep/gmd:LE_ProcessStep/gmd:processingInformation/gmd:LE_Processing/gmd:algorithm/LE_Algorithm/gmd:citation

Conformance Standard Specification Citation The DQ_ConformanceResult is a good example of including critical information in the standard while referencing an external resource for more information. In this case the critical information is a brief explanation of the conformance test and the result of the test. If a user needs more information about the specifics of the test, they can follow the citation to the specification. /gmi:MI_Metadata/gmd:dataQualityInfo/gmd:MD_DataQuality/gmd:report/gmd:DQ_Element/gmd:result/gmd:DQ_Result/gmd:DQ_ConformanceResult/gmd:specification
Source Citation LE_Source fields enable the sources utilized to generate a data product to be described and referenced.  Sources are both used and produced by process steps.  Documenting the chain of sources and process steps utilized to generated a data product is an important role of high-quality metadata.


/gmi:MI_Metadata/gmd:dataQualityInfo/gmd:MD_DataQuality/gmd:lineage/gmd:LE_Lineage/gmd:source gmd:output/gmd:LE_Source/gmd:sourceCitation

Data Quality Evaluation Procedure Citation /gmi:MI_Metadata/gmd:dataQualityInfo/gmd:MD_DataQuality/gmd:report/gmd:DQ_Element/gmd:evaluationProcedure
Feature Catalog Citation /gmi:MI_Metadata/gmd:contentinfo/gmd:MD_ContentInformation/gmd:MD:FeatureCatalogDescription/gmd:featureCatalogueCitation
Application Schema Citation /gmi:MI_Metadata/gmd:applicationSchemaInfo/gmd:MD_ApplicationSchemaInformation/gmd:name

Revisions

The ISO 19115 CI_Citation object works well for citing physical objects (books, articles, scientific papers, etc), but is not well suited for referencing online digital resources. These important resources can only be associated with a CI_Citation using a rather circuitous path: //gmd:CI_Citation/gmd:citedResponsibleParty/gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty/gmd:contactInfo/gmd:CI_Contact/gmd:onlineResource and it is not at all clear that a URL in the contact information for the citedResponsibleParty is actually the URL for the resource being cited. In short, the ISO 19115 CI_Citation does not work well for citations to online resources.

ISO 19115 -1 has addressed this shortcoming by adding an OnlineResource field to the CI_Citation object. Also included in the 19115-1 revision is the BrowseGraphic field for referencing online images.

Crosswalks

Citations in metadata provide can important information about how users should cite the documented resource. These citations are an important part of the identification information and, as such, they are in a special location in the record. In addition, some dialects include citation to other resources and relevant materials that can not be included in the metadata. General citations to external resources that can occur anywhere in the record are described here.
ConceptDescriptionDialect (Fit) Paths
Cited Resource TitleA short description of the (cited) resource.ADIwg /project/idinfo/citation/citeinfo/title
DIF /dif9:DIF/dif9:Reference/dif9:Title
DCAT /dct:title
ISO //gmd:CI_Citation/gmd:title/gco:CharacterString
ISO-1 //cit:CI_Citation/cit:title/gco:CharacterString
SERF /serf:SERF/serf:Entry_Title
Cited Resource Alternate TitleAlternate title of the cited resourceISO //gmd:CI_Citation/gmd:alternateTitle/gco:CharacterString
ISO-1 //cit:CI_Citation/cit:alternateTitle/gco:CharacterString
Cited Resource IdentifierIdentifier for the cited resourceDIF /dif9:DIF/dif9:Reference/dif9:DOI
DIF /dif9:DIF/dif9:Data_Set_Citation/dif9:Dataset_DOI
DCAT /dct:identifier
ISO //gmd:CI_Citation/gmd:identifier/gmd:MD_Identifier/gmd:code/gco:CharacterString
ISO-1 //cit:CI_Citation/cit:identifier/cit:MD_Identifier/cit:code
SERF /dif9:DIF/dif9:Data_Set_Citation/dif9:Dataset_DOI
AuthorAuthor of the cited resourceDIF /dif9:DIF/dif9:Data_Set_Citation/dif9:Dataset_Creator
DIF /dif9:DIF/dif9:Reference/dif9:Author
Dryad dcterms:creator
EML concat(/eml:dataset/eml:creator/eml:individualName/eml:surName/eml:text,/eml:dataset/eml:creator/eml:individualName/eml:givenName/eml:text)
FGDC /fgdc:metadata/fgdc:idinfo/fgdc:citation/fgdc:citeinfo/fgdc:origin
HDF5.1 /hdf5:HDF5-File/hdf5:RootGroup/hdf5:Group[@Name='METADATA']/hdf5:Group[@Name='COLLECTIONMETADATA']/hdf5:Group[@Name='ContactOrganization']/hdf5:Group[@Name='Data_Originator']
ISO //gmd:CI_Citation/gmd:citedResponsibleParty/gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty[normalize-space(gmd:role/gmd:CI_RoleCode)='author']/gmd:individualName/gco:CharacterString
ISO-1 //cit:CI_Citation/cit:citedResponsibleParty/cit:CI_Responsibility[normalize-space(cit:Role/cit:CI_RoleCode)='author']/cit:party/cit:CI_Individual/cit:name/gco:CharacterString
netCDF /nc:netcdf/nc:attribute[@nc:name=creator_name]/@nc:value
Author / Originator World Wide Web AddressThe World Wide Web mail address of the principal author of the cited resourceISO //gmd:CI_Citation/gmd:citedResponsibleParty/gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty[normalize-space(gmd:role/gmd:CI_RoleCode)='author']/gmd:contactInfo/gmd:CI_Contact/gmd:onlineResource/gmd:CI_OnlineResource/gmd:linkage/gmd:URL
ISO-1 //cit:CI_Citation/cit:citedResponsibleParty/cit:CI_Responsibility[normalize-space(cit:Role/cit:CI_RoleCode)='publisher']/cit:party/cit:CI_Organisation/cit:contactInfo/cit:CI_Contact/cit:onlineResource/cit:CI_OnlineResource/cit:linkage
THREDDS //thredds:dataset/thredds:creator/thredds:contact/@url
netCDF /nc:netcdf/nc:attribute[@nc:name=creator_url]/@nc:value
EditorEditor of the cited resourceDIF /dif9:DIF/dif9:Data_Set_Citation/dif9:Dataset_Editor
ISO //gmd:CI_Citation/gmd:citedResponsibleParty/gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty[normalize-space(gmd:role/gmd:CI_RoleCode)='editor']/gmd:organisationName/gco:CharacterString
ISO-1 //cit:CI_Citation/cit:citedResponsibleParty/cit:CI_Responsibility[normalize-space(cit:role/cit:CI_RoleCode)='editor']/cit:party/cit:CI_Individual/cit:name/gco:CharacterString
Series TitleTitle of a series that includes the cited resourceDIF /dif9:DIF/dif9:Data_Set_Citation/dif9:Dataset_Series_Name
DIF /dif9:DIF/dif9:Reference/dif9:Series
ISO //gmd:CI_Citation/gmd:collectiveTitle/gco:CharacterString
ISO //gmd:CI_Citation/gmd:series/gmd:CI_Series/gmd:name/gco:CharacterString
ISO-1 //cit:CI_Citation/cit:series/cit:CI_Series/cit:name/gco:CharacterString
Publication DateDate of publication of the cited resourceDIF /dif9:DIF/dif9:Data_Set_Citation/dif9:Dataset_Release_Date
DIF /dif9:DIF/dif9:Reference/dif9:Publication_Date
DCAT /dct:issued
Dryad dcterms:dateSubmitted
ECHO /*/echo:InsertTime
ECS /*ecs:CitationforExternalPublication
EML /eml:dataset/eml:pubDate/eml:text
FGDC /fgdc:metadata/fgdc:idinfo/fgdc:citation/fgdc:citeinfo/fgdc:pubdate
ISO //gmd:CI_Citation/gmd:date/gmd:CI_Date[normalize-space(gmd:dateType/gmd:CI_DateTypeCode)='publication']/gmd:date/gco:Date
ISO //gmd:CI_Citation/gmd:date/gmd:CI_Date[normalize-space(gmd:dateType/gmd:CI_DateTypeCode)='publication']/gmd:date/gco:DateTime
ISO-1 //cit:CI_Citation/cit:date/cit:CI_Date[cit:dateType/cit:CI_DateTypeCode)='publication']/cit:date/gco:DateTime
Revision DateDate of revision of the cited resourceISO //gmd:CI_Citation/gmd:date/gmd:CI_Date[normalize-space(gmd:dateType/gmd:CI_DateTypeCode)='revision']/gmd:date/gco:Date
ISO //gmd:CI_Citation/gmd:date/gmd:CI_Date[normalize-space(gmd:dateType/gmd:CI_DateTypeCode)='revision']/gmd:date/gco:DateTime
ISO-1 //cit:CI_Citation/cit:date/cit:CI_Date[normalize-space(cit:dateType/cit:CI_DateTypeCode)='revision']/cit:date/gco:Date
ISO-1 //cit:CI_Citation/cit:date/cit:CI_Date[normalize-space(cit:dateType/cit:CI_DateTypeCode)='revision']/cit:date/gco:DateTime
Creation DateDate of creation of the cited resourceDIF /dif9:DIF_Creation_Date
ISO //gmd:CI_Citation/gmd:date/gmd:CI_Date[normalize-space(gmd:dateType/gmd:CI_DateTypeCode)='creation']/gmd:date/gco:Date
ISO //gmd:CI_Citation/gmd:date/gmd:CI_Date[normalize-space(gmd:dateType/gmd:CI_DateTypeCode)='creation']/gmd:date/gco:DateTime
ISO-1 //cit:CI_Citation/cit:date/cit:CI_Date[normalize-space(cit:dateType/cit:CI_DateTypeCode)='creation']/cit:date/gco:DateTime
SERF /serf:SERF_Creation_Date
netCDF /nc:netcdf/nc:attribute[@nc:name=date_created]/@nc:value
PublisherPublisher of the cited resourceDIF /dif9:DIF/dif9:Data_Set_Citation/dif9:Dataset_Publisher
DIF /dif9:DIF/dif9:Reference/dif9:Publisher
DCAT /dct:publisher
FGDC /fgdc:metadata/fgdc:idinfo/fgdc:citation/fgdc:citeinfo/fgdc:pubinfo/fgdc:publish
HDF5.1 /hdf5:HDF5-File/hdf5:RootGroup/hdf5:Attribute[@Name='publisher']/hdf5:Data/hdf5:DataFromFile
ISO //gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty[normalize-space(gmd:role/gmd:CI_RoleCode)='publisher']/gmd:organisationName/gco:CharacterString
ISO-1 //cit:CI_Responsibility[normalize-space(cit:role/cit:CI_RoleCode)='publisher']/cit:party/cit:CI_Organisation/cit:name/gco:CharacterString
THREDDS //thredds:dataset/thredds:publisher/thredds:name
THREDDS //thredds:metadata/thredds:publisher/thredds:name
netCDF /nc:netcdf/nc:attribute[@nc:name=publisher_name]/@nc:value
Publisher LocationPlace of publication of the cited resourceDIF /dif9:DIF/dif9:Reference/dif9:Publication_Place
FGDC /fgdc:metadata/fgdc:idinfo/fgdc:citation/fgdc:citeinfo/fgdc:pubinfo/fgdc:pubplace
ISO //gmd:CI_Citation/gmd:citedResponsibleParty/gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty[gmd:role/gmd:CI_RoleCode ='publisher']/gmd:contactInfo/gmd:CI_Contact/gmd:address/gmd:CI_Address
ISO-1 //cit:CI_Citation/cit:citedResponsibleParty/cit:CI_Responsibility[cit:role/cit:CI_RoleCode ='publisher]/cit:party/cit:CI_Organisation/cit:contactInfo/cit:CI_Contact/cit:address/cit:CI_Address/cit:city/gco:CharacterString
Publisher URLWorld Wide Web address associated with the publisher of the cited resourceDIF /dif9:DIF/dif9:Reference/dif9:Publication_Place
HDF5.1 /hdf5:HDF5-File/hdf5:RootGroup/hdf5:Attribute[@Name='publisher_url']/hdf5:Data/hdf5:DataFromFile
ISO //gmd:CI_Citation/gmd:citedResponsibleParty/gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty[gmd:role/gmd:CI_RoleCode ='publisher']/gmd:contactInfo/gmd:CI_Contact/gmd:onlineResource/gmd:CI_OnlineResource/gmd:linkage/gmd:URL
ISO-1 //cit:CI_Citation/cit:citedResponsibleParty/cit:CI_Responsibility[cit:role/cit:CI_RoleCode ='publisher']/cit:party/*/cit:contactInfo/cit:CI_Contact/cit:onlineResource/cit:CI_OnlineResource/cit:linkage/gco:CharacterString
THREDDS //thredds:metadata/thredds:publisher/thredds:contact/@url
THREDDS //thredds:dataset/thredds:publisher/thredds:contact/@url
netCDF /nc:netcdf/nc:attribute[@nc:name=publisher_url]/@nc:value
Publisher E-MailEmail associated with the publisher of the cited resourceDIF /dif9:DIF/dif9:Reference/dif9:Publication_Place
HDF5.1 /hdf5:HDF5-File/hdf5:RootGroup/hdf5:Attribute[@Name='publisher_email']/hdf5:Data/hdf5:DataFromFile
ISO //gmd:CI_Citation/gmd:citedResponsibleParty/gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty[gmd:role/gmd:CI_RoleCode ='publisher']/gmd:contactInfo/gmd:address/gmd:CI_Address/gmd:electronicMailAddress/gco:CharacterString
ISO-1 //cit:CI_Citation/cit:citedResponsibleParty/cit:CI_Responsibility[cit:role/cit:CI_RoleCode ='publisher']/cit:party/*/cit:contactInfo/cit:CI_Contact/cit:address/cit:CI_Address/cit:electronicMailAddress/gco:CharacterString
THREDDS //thredds:metadata/thredds:publisher/thredds:contact/@email
THREDDS //thredds:dataset/thredds:publisher/thredds:contact/@email
netCDF /nc:netcdf/nc:attribute[@nc:name=publisher_email]/@nc:value
Resource VersionVersion of the cited resourceDIF /dif9:DIF/dif9:Data_Set_Citation/dif9:Dataset_Version
DIF /dif9:DIF/dif9:Reference/dif9:Edition
ECHO /*/echo:VersionId
ECS /*/ecs:VersionId
HDF5.1 /hdf5:HDF5-File/hdf5:RootGroup/hdf5:Group[@Name='METADATA']/hdf5:Group[@Name='COLLECTIONMETADATA']/hdf5:Attribute[@Name='VersionID']/hdf5:Data/hdf5:DataFromFile
ISO /*/gmd:identificationInfo/gmd:MD_DataIdentification/gmd:citation/gmd:CI_Citation/gmd:edition/gco:CharacterString
ISO-1 /mdb:MD_Metadata/mdb:identificationInfo/mri:MD_DataIdentification/mri:citation/cit:CI_Citation/cit:edition/gco:CharacterString
Version DateDate of the version of the cited resourceDIF /dif9:DIF/dif9:Data_Set_Citation/dif9:Dataset_Version
DIF /dif9:DIF/dif9:Reference/dif9:Edition
FGDC /fgdc:metadata/fgdc:idinfo/fgdc:citeinfo/fgdc:edition
FGDC /fgdc:metadata/fgdc:idinfo/fgdc:citeinfo/fgdc:pubdate
ISO //gmd:CI_Citation/gmd:editionDate/gco:DateTime
ISO-1 //cit:CI_Citation/cit:editionDate/gco:DateTime
VolumeVolume of the cited resourceDIF /dif9:DIF/dif9:Reference/dif9:Volume
IssueIssue of the cited resourceDIF /dif9:DIF/dif9:Reference/dif9:Issue
ISO //gmd:CI_Citation/gmd:series/gmd:CI_Series/gmd:issueIdentification:/gco:CharacterString
PagesPages of the cited resourceDIF /dif9:DIF/dif9:Reference/dif9:Pages
ISO //gmd:CI_Citation/gmd:series/gmd:CI_Series/gmd:page/gco:CharacterString
ISBNInternational Standard Book Number (ISBN) of the cited resourceDIF /dif9:DIF/dif9:Reference/dif9:ISBN
ISO //gmd:CI_Citation/gmd:ISBN
ISO-1 //cit:CI_Citation/cit:ISBN/gco:CharacterString
ISSNInternational Standard Serial Number (ISSN) of the cited resourceISO //gmd:CI_Citation/gmd:ISSN
ISO-1 //cit:CI_Citation/cit:ISSN/gco:CharacterString
Report NumberReport number of the cited resourceDIF /dif9:DIF/dif9:Reference/dif9:Report_Number
Other Citation DetailsOther information about the cited resourceDIF /dif9:DIF/dif9:Reference/dif9:Other_Reference_Details
DIF /dif9:DIF/dif9:Data_Set_Citation/dif9:Other_Citation_Details
EML /eml:dataset/eml:creator/eml:individualName/eml:surName/eml:text
ISO //gmd:CI_Citation/gmd:otherCitationDetails/gco:CharacterString
ISO-1 //cit:CI_Citation/cit:otherCitationDetails/gco:CharacterString
Presentation FormForm of the cited resourceDIF /dif9:DIF/dif9:Reference/dif9:Data_Presentation_Form
FGDC /fgdc:digform/fgdc:digtinfo/fgdc:formname
FGDC /fgdc:idinfo/fgdc:citation/fgdc:citeinfo/fgdc:geoform
ISO //gmd:CI_Citation/gmd:presentationForm/CI_PresentationFormCode
ISO-1 //cit:CI_Citation/cit:presentationForm/cit:CI_PresentationFormCode
Online ResourceOnline Resource for the cited resourceADIwg /adiwg:project/adiwg:idinfo/adiwg:citation/adiwg:citeinfo/adiwg:onlink
DIF /dif9:DIF/dif9:Data_Set_Citation/dif9:Online_Resource
DIF /dif9:DIF/dif9:Reference/dif9:Online_Resource
ECHO /echo:OnlineResources/echo:OnlineResource/echo:URL
ISO //gmd:CI_Citation/gmd:citedResponsibleParty/gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty/gmd:contactInfo/gmd:CI_Contact/gmd:onlineResource/gmd:CI_OnlineResource
ISO-1 //cit:CI_Citation/cit:onlineResource/cit:CI_OnlineResource
THREDDS //thredds:dataset/thredds:documentation/@xlink:href
Complete CitationComplete citation for the resource as a text blob.ECHO /*/echo:CitationForExternalPublication
ECS /*/ecs:CitationforExternalPublication
HDF5.1 /hdf5:HDF5-File/hdf5:RootGroup/hdf5:Attribute[@Name='CitationforExternalPublication']/hdf5:Data/hdf5:DataFromFile
Resource CitationCitation for the resource.FGDC /fgdc:metadata/fgdc:idinfo/fgdc:citation/fgdc:citeinfo
ISO /*/gmd:identificationInfo/gmd:MD_DataIdentification/gmd:citation/gmd:CI_Citation
ISO-1 /mdb:MD_Metadata/mdb:identificationInfo/srv:SV_ServiceIdentification/mri:citation/cit:CI_Citation
SERF /serf:SERF/serf:Service_Citation

xPath Note: The xPaths included in this table use several wildcards. // means any path, so //gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty indicates a gmd:CI_ResponsibleParty anywhere in an XML file. /*/ indicates a single level with several possible elements. This usually indicates one of several concrete realizations of an abstract object. For example /*/gmd:identificationInfo could be gmd:MD_Metadata/gmd:identificationInfo or gmi:MI_Metadata/gmd:identificationInfo and gmd:identificationInfo//*/gmd:descriptiveKeywords could be gmd:identificationInfo/gmd:MD_DataIdentification/gmd:descriptiveKeywords or gmd:identificationInfo/srv:SV_ServiceIdentification/gmd:descriptiveKeywords.

Notes

CodeLists as Types

As described earlier, codeLists provide shared vocabularies throughout the ISO Standard. The fact that these vocabularies are shared makes it possible to use them as well known tags for content in the standard. An excellent example of this occurs in the CI_Date object that gives dates for CI_Citations. That object includes a date string and the CI_DateTypeCode codeList that can be either creation, publication, or revision. This single date, along with the codeList, covers three common types of dates that are required in citations. Contrast this with the editionDate attribute that is a single date the purpose of which is expressed in the name of the attribute rather than with a tag.