Extent Documentation

I need to define the spatial, temporal, and vertical extents of resources associated with my metadata.

Overview

This basic extent information supports spatial/temporal searches that are increasingly important as the number of map based search interfaces increases. Many of the attributes included in this guidance spiral can be calculated from the data if the file is compliant with the NetCDF Climate and Forecast (CF) Metadata Convention. Describes a simple latitude, longitude, vertical and temporal bounding box. For a more detailed geospatial coverage, see the suggested geospatial attributes. Further refinement of the geospatial bounding box can be provided by using these units and resolution attributes. Many of these extent attributes are calculated using the CF-Conventions.

Implementation

Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata (CSDGM)

Structure

---

Spatial and Vertical Extent <pre<noinclude> style="white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: -moz-pre-wrap; white-space: -pre-wrap; white-space: -o-pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;"><spref>

   <horizsys>
       <geograph>
           <latres>/metadata/spref/horizsys/geograph/latres</latres>
           <longres>/metadata/spref/horizsys/geograph/longres</longres>
           <geogunit>/metadata/spref/horizsys/geograph/geogunit</geogunit>
       </geograph>
       <geodetic>
           <horizdn>/metadata/spref/horizsys/geodetic/horizdn</horizdn>
           <ellips>/metadata/spref/horizsys/geodetic/ellips</ellips>
           <semiaxis>/metadata/spref/horizsys/geodetic/semiaxis</semiaxis>
           <denflat>/metadata/spref/horizsys/geodetic/denflat</denflat>
       </geodetic>
   </horizsys>
   <vertdef>
       <altsys>
           <altdatum>/metadata/spref/vertdef/altsys/altdatum</altdatum>
           <altres>/metadata/spref/vertdef/altsys/altres</altres>
           <altunits>/metadata/spref/vertdef/altsys/altunits</altunits>
           <altenc>/metadata/spref/vertdef/altsys/altenc</altenc>
       </altsys>
       <depthsys>
           <depthdn>/metadata/spref/vertdef/depthsys/depthdn</depthdn>
           <depthres>/metadata/spref/vertdef/depthsys/depthres</depthres>
           <depthdu>/metadata/spref/vertdef/depthsys/depthdu</depthdu>
           <depthem>/metadata/spref/vertdef/depthsys/depthem</depthem>
       </depthsys>
   </vertdef>

</spref>

Temporal Extent <pre<noinclude> style="white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: -moz-pre-wrap; white-space: -pre-wrap; white-space: -o-pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;"><timeperd>

   <timeinfo>
       <rngdates>
           <begdate>/metadata/idinfo/timeperd/timeinfo/rngdates/begdate</begdate>
           <begtime>/metadata/idinfo/timeperd/timeinfo/rngdates/begtime</begtime>
           <enddate>/metadata/idinfo/timeperd/timeinfo/rngdates/enddate</enddate>
           <endtime>/metadata/idinfo/timeperd/timeinfo/rngdates/endtime</endtime>
       </rngdates>
   </timeinfo>
   <current>/metadata/idinfo/timeperd/current</current>

</timeperd>

Place and Time Keywords <pre<noinclude> style="white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: -moz-pre-wrap; white-space: -pre-wrap; white-space: -o-pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;"> <keywords>

  <place>
    <placekt>/metadata/idinfo/keywords/place/placekt</placekt>
    <placekey>/metadata/idinfo/keywords/place/placekey</placekey>
  </place>

</keywords>

<pre<noinclude>> <keywords>

  <temporal>
    <tempkt>/metadata/idinfo/keywords/temporal/tempkt</tempkt>
    <tempkey>/metadata/idinfo/keywords/temporal/tempkey</tempkey>
  </temporal>

</keywords>

Bounding Box <pre<noinclude>> <spdom>

   <bounding>
       <westbc>metadata/idinfo/spdom/bounding/westbc</westbc>
       <eastbc>metadata/idinfo/spdom/bounding/eastbc</eastbc>
       <northbc>metadata/idinfo/spdom/bounding/northbc</northbc>
       <southbc>metadata/idinfo/spdom/bounding/southbc</southbc>
   </bounding>

</spdom>

Usage

---

Usage	Description	Xpath
Horizontal Extent	Location information for the data collected.	/metadata/spref/horizsys
Vertical Extent	Range of heights the data was collected in.	/metadata/spref/vertdef
Temporal Extent	The period of time the data in the resource was collected.	/metadata/idinfo/timeperd/timeinfo/rngdates
Place Keyword	Keyword that gives the location of the resource.	/metadata/idinfo/keywords/place
Temporal Keyword	Keyword identifies a time period related to the resource.	/metadata/idinfo/keywords/temporal
Bounding Box	set of four elements that define the outer edges of the area data collection took place	/metadata/idinfo/spdom/bounding/westbc and /metadata/idinfo/spdom/bounding/eastbc and /metadata/idinfo/spdom/bounding/northbc and /metadata/idinfo/spdom/bounding/southbc

The CSDGM graphical interface is a useful resource in understanding the hierarchy of this metadata dialect

Directory Interchange Format (DIF)

Structure

---

Bounding Box and Vertical Extent <pre<noinclude> style="white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: -moz-pre-wrap; white-space: -pre-wrap; white-space: -o-pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;"><Spatial_Coverage>

   <Southernmost_Latitude>-90.0</Southernmost_Latitude>
   <Northernmost_Latitude>90.0</Northernmost_Latitude>
   <Westernmost_Longitude>-180.0</Westernmost_Longitude>
   <Easternmost_Longitude>180.0</Easternmost_Longitude>
   <Minimum_Altitude>0 KM</Minimum_Altitude>
   <Maximum_Altitude>33 KM</Maximum_Altitude>

</Spatial_Coverage>

Temporal Extent

<Temporal_Coverage>
    <Start_Date>/DIF/Temporal_Coverage/Start_Date</Start_Date>
    <Stop_Date>/DIF/Temporal_Coverage/Stop_Date</Stop_Date>
</Temporal_Coverage>

Paleo Temporal Extent

<Paleo_Temporal_Coverage>
    <Paleo_Start_Date>/DIF/Paleo_Temporal_Coverage/Paleo_Start_Date</Paleo_Start_Date>
    <Paleo_Stop_Date>/DIF/Paleo_Temporal_Coverage/Paleo_Stop_Date</Paleo_Stop_Date>
    <Chronostratigraphic_Unit uuid="uuid11">
        <Eon>/DIF/Paleo_Temporal_Coverage/Chronostratigraphic_Unit/Eon</Eon>
        <Era>/DIF/Paleo_Temporal_Coverage/Chronostratigraphic_Unit/Era</Era>
        <Period>/DIF/Paleo_Temporal_Coverage/Chronostratigraphic_Unit/Period</Period>
        <Epoch>/DIF/Paleo_Temporal_Coverage/Chronostratigraphic_Unit/Epoch</Epoch>
        <Stage>/DIF/Paleo_Temporal_Coverage/Chronostratigraphic_Unit/Stage</Stage>
        <Detailed_Classification>/DIF/Paleo_Temporal_Coverage/Chronostratigraphic_Unit/Detailed_Classification</Detailed_Classification>
    </Chronostratigraphic_Unit>
</Paleo_Temporal_Coverage>

Place Keywords <pre<noinclude> style="white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: -moz-pre-wrap; white-space: -pre-wrap; white-space: -o-pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;"> <Location>

   <Location_Category>/DIF/Location/Location_Category</Location_Category>
   <Location_Type>/DIF/Location/Location_Type</Location_Type>
   <Location_Subregion1>/DIF/Location/Location_Subregion1</Location_Subregion1>
   <Location_Subregion2>/DIF/Location/Location_Subregion2</Location_Subregion2>
   <Location_Subregion3>/DIF/Location/Location_Subregion3</Location_Subregion3>
   <Detailed_Location>/DIF/Location/Detailed_Location</Detailed_Location>

</Location>

Usage

Usage	Description	Xpath
Horizontal Extent	Location information for the data collected.	/metadata/spref/horizsys
Vertical Extent	Range of heights the data was collected in.	/DIF/Spatial_Coverage/Minimum_Altitude and /DIF/Spatial_Coverage/Maximum_Altitude
Temporal Extent	The period of time the data in the resource was collected.	/DIF/Temporal_Coverage
Place Keyword	Keyword that gives the location of the resource.	/DIF/Location
Paleo Temporal	Identifies a time period related to the resource.	/DIF/Paleo_Temporal_Coverage

The DIF Writer's Guide is a valuable resource for documentation in this metadata dialect.

EOS Clearinghouse (ECHO)

Structure

---

Spatial <pre<noinclude> style="white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: -moz-pre-wrap; white-space: -pre-wrap; white-space: -o-pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;"><Spatial>

   <SpatialCoverageType>/*/Spatial/SpatialCoverageType</SpatialCoverageType>
   <HorizontalSpatialDomain>
       <ZoneIdentifier>/*/Spatial/HorizontalSpatialDomain/ZoneIdentifier</ZoneIdentifier>
       <Geometry>
           <CoordinateSystem>/*/Spatial/HorizontalSpatialDomain/Geometry/CoordinateSystem</CoordinateSystem>
           <Point>
               <PointLongitude>/*/Spatial/HorizontalSpatialDomain/Geometry/Point/PointLongitude</PointLongitude>
               <PointLatitude>/*/Spatial/HorizontalSpatialDomain/Geometry/Point/PointLatitude</PointLatitude>
           </Point>
           <BoundingRectangle>
               <WestBoundingCoordinate>/*/Spatial/HorizontalSpatialDomain/Geometry/BoundingRectangle/WestBoundingCoordinate</WestBoundingCoordinate>
               <NorthBoundingCoordinate>/*/Spatial/HorizontalSpatialDomain/Geometry/BoundingRectangle/NorthBoundingCoordinate</NorthBoundingCoordinate>
               <EastBoundingCoordinate>/*/Spatial/HorizontalSpatialDomain/Geometry/BoundingRectangle/EastBoundingCoordinate</EastBoundingCoordinate>
               <SouthBoundingCoordinate>/*/Spatial/HorizontalSpatialDomain/Geometry/BoundingRectangle/SouthBoundingCoordinate</SouthBoundingCoordinate>
               <CenterPoint>
                   <PointLongitude>/*/Spatial/HorizontalSpatialDomain/Geometry/BoundingRectangle/CenterPoint/PointLongitude</PointLongitude>
                   <PointLatitude>/*/Spatial/HorizontalSpatialDomain/Geometry/BoundingRectangle/CenterPoint/PointLatitude</PointLatitude>
               </CenterPoint>
           </BoundingRectangle>
           <GPolygon>
               <Boundary>
                   <Point>
                       <PointLongitude>/*/Spatial/HorizontalSpatialDomain/Geometry/GPolygon/Boundary/Point[1]/PointLongitude</PointLongitude>
                       <PointLatitude>/*/Spatial/HorizontalSpatialDomain/Geometry/GPolygon/Boundary/Point[1]/PointLatitude</PointLatitude>
                   </Point>
                   <Point>
                       <PointLongitude>/*/Spatial/HorizontalSpatialDomain/Geometry/GPolygon/Boundary/Point[2]/PointLongitude</PointLongitude>
                       <PointLatitude>/*/Spatial/HorizontalSpatialDomain/Geometry/GPolygon/Boundary/Point[2]/PointLatitude</PointLatitude>
                   </Point>
                   <Point>
                       <PointLongitude>/*/Spatial/HorizontalSpatialDomain/Geometry/GPolygon/Boundary/Point[3]/PointLongitude</PointLongitude>
                       <PointLatitude>/*/Spatial/HorizontalSpatialDomain/Geometry/GPolygon/Boundary/Point[3]/PointLatitude</PointLatitude>
                   </Point>
               </Boundary>
               <CenterPoint>
                   <PointLongitude>/*/Spatial/HorizontalSpatialDomain/Geometry/GPolygon/CenterPoint/PointLongitude</PointLongitude>
                   <PointLatitude>/*/Spatial/HorizontalSpatialDomain/Geometry/GPolygon/CenterPoint/PointLongitude</PointLatitude>
               </CenterPoint>
           </GPolygon>
           <Line>
               <Point>
                   <PointLongitude>40</PointLongitude>
                   <PointLatitude>50</PointLatitude>
               </Point>
               <Point>
                   <PointLongitude>60</PointLongitude>
                   <PointLatitude>70</PointLatitude>
               </Point>
           </Line>
       </Geometry>
   </HorizontalSpatialDomain>
   <VerticalSpatialDomain>
       <Type>/*/Spatial/VerticalSpatialDomain/Type</Type>
       <Value>/*/Spatial/VerticalSpatialDomain/Value</Value>
   </VerticalSpatialDomain>
   <VerticalSpatialDomain>
       <Type>/*/Spatial/VerticalSpatialDomain[2]/Type</Type>
       <Value>/*/Spatial/VerticalSpatialDomain[2]/Value</Value>
   </VerticalSpatialDomain>
   <VerticalSpatialDomain>
       <Type>Minimum Altitude</Type>
       <Value>22222</Value>
   </VerticalSpatialDomain>
   <VerticalSpatialDomain>
       <Type>Maximum Altitude</Type>
       <Value>33333</Value>
   </VerticalSpatialDomain>
   <OrbitParameters>
       <SwathWidth>/*/Spatial/OrbitParameters/SwathWidth</SwathWidth>
       <Period>/*/Spatial/OrbitParameters/Period</Period>
       <InclinationAngle>/*/Spatial/OrbitParameters/InclinationAngle</InclinationAngle>
       <NumberOfOrbits>/*/Spatial/OrbitParameters/NumberOfOrbits</NumberOfOrbits>
       <StartCircularLatitude>/*/Spatial/OrbitParameters/StartCircularLatitude</StartCircularLatitude>
   </OrbitParameters>
   <GranuleSpatialRepresentation>/*/Spatial/GranuleSpatialRepresentation</GranuleSpatialRepresentation>

</Spatial>

Temporal <pre<noinclude> style="white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: -moz-pre-wrap; white-space: -pre-wrap; white-space: -o-pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;"><Temporal>

   <TimeType>/*/Temporal/TimeType</TimeType>
   <DateType>/*/Temporal/DateType</DateType>
   <TemporalRangeType>/*/Temporal/TemporalRangeType</TemporalRangeType>
   <PrecisionOfSeconds>/*/Temporal/PrecisionOfSeconds</PrecisionOfSeconds>
   <EndsAtPresentFlag>/*/Temporal/EndsAtPresentFlag</EndsAtPresentFlag>
   <SingleDateTime>/*/Temporal/SingleDateTime</SingleDateTime>
   <RangeDateTime>
       <BeginningDateTime>/*/Temporal/RangeDateTime/BeginningDateTime</BeginningDateTime>
       <EndingDateTime>/*/Temporal/RangeDateTime/EndingDateTime</EndingDateTime>
   </RangeDateTime>

</Temporal>

Place Keywords <pre<noinclude> style="white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: -moz-pre-wrap; white-space: -pre-wrap; white-space: -o-pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;"><SpatialKeywords>

   <Keyword>/*/SpatialKeywords/Keyword</Keyword>

</SpatialKeywords>

Temporal Keywords

<TemporalKeywords>
    <Keyword>/*/TemporalKeywords/Keyword</Keyword>
</TemporalKeywords>

Usage

Usage	Description	Xpath
Horizontal Extent	Location information for the data collected.	/metadata/spref/horizsys
Vertical Extent	Range of heights the data was collected in.	/metadata/spref/vertdef
Temporal Extent	The period of time the data in the resource was collected.	/metadata/idinfo/timeperd/timeinfo/rngdates
Place Keyword	Keyword that gives the location of the resource.	/metadata/idinfo/keywords/place
Temporal Keyword	Keyword identifies a time period related to the resource.	/metadata/idinfo/keywords/temporal

The ECHO metadata standard as well as various user guides can be found here.

International Organization for Standardization 19115 (ISO19115)

Structure

---

Extents

<pre<noinclude> style="white-space: pre-wrap; white-space: -moz-pre-wrap; white-space: -pre-wrap; white-space: -o-pre-wrap; word-wrap: break-word;"> <gmd:extent>

   <gmd:EX_Extent id="boundingExtent">
       <gmd:geographicElement>
           <gmd:EX_GeographicBoundingBox id="boundingGeographicBoundingBox">
               <gmd:extentTypeCode>
                   <gco:Boolean>true</gco:Boolean>
               </gmd:extentTypeCode>
               <gmd:westBoundLongitude>\<!comment>
                   <gco:Decimal>-178</gco:Decimal>
               </gmd:westBoundLongitude>
               <gmd:eastBoundLongitude>
                   <gco:Decimal>180</gco:Decimal>                    
               </gmd:eastBoundLongitude>
               <gmd:southBoundLatitude>
                   <gco:Decimal>-78</gco:Decimal>
               </gmd:southBoundLatitude>
               <gmd:northBoundLatitude>
                   <gco:Decimal>75</gco:Decimal>
               </gmd:northBoundLatitude>
           </gmd:EX_GeographicBoundingBox>           
       </gmd:geographicElement>
       <gmd:geographicElement>
           <gmd:EX_GeographicDescription>
               <gmd:geographicIdentifier>
                   <gmd:MD_Identifier>
                       <gmd:authority>
                           <gmd:CI_Citation>
                               <gmd:title>
                                   <gco:CharacterString>NASA/GCMD Location Keywords</gco:CharacterString>
                               </gmd:title>
                               <gmd:date>
                                   <gmd:CI_Date>
                                       <gmd:date>
                                           <gco:Date>2009-01-01</gco:Date>
                                       </gmd:date>
                                       <gmd:dateType>
                                           <gmd:CI_DateTypeCode codeList="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_DateTypeCode" codeListValue="revision">revision</gmd:CI_DateTypeCode>
                                       </gmd:dateType>
                                   </gmd:CI_Date>
                               </gmd:date>
                           </gmd:CI_Citation>
                       </gmd:authority>
                       <gmd:code>
                           <gco:CharacterString>Location > Geographic Region > Global Ocean</gco:CharacterString>
                       </gmd:code>
                   </gmd:MD_Identifier>
               </gmd:geographicIdentifier>
           </gmd:EX_GeographicDescription>
       </gmd:geographicElement>
       <gmd:temporalElement>
           <gmd:EX_TemporalExtent id="boundingTemporalExtent">
               <gmd:extent>
                   <gml:TimePeriod gml:id="someTimeID">
                       <gml:beginPosition>1846</gml:beginPosition>
                       <gml:endPosition indeterminatePosition="now"/>
                   </gml:TimePeriod>                    
               </gmd:extent>
           </gmd:EX_TemporalExtent>
       </gmd:temporalElement>
       <gmd:verticalElement>
           <gmd:EX_VerticalExtent>
             <gmd:minimumValue>
               <gco:Real>10</gco:Real>
             </gmd:minimumValue>
             <gmd:maximumValue>
               <gco:Real>2810</gco:Real>
             </gmd:maximumValue>
             <gmd:verticalCRS gco:nilReason="unknown"/>
           </gmd:EX_VerticalExtent>
         </gmd:verticalElement>
       </gmd:EX_Extent>
   </gmd:EX_Extent>

</gmd:extent>

Usage

Usage	Description	Xpath
Dataset or Service Extent	The EX_Extent object in MD_DataIdentification and SV_ServiceIdentification defines extents associated with a dataset or service.	/*/gmd:identificationInfo//gmd:extent/gmd:EX_Extent
Source Extent of Process Step	The EX_Extent object within LI_Source defines extents associated with data production sources. These sources are the inputs or outputs of data processing steps utilized to produce the data product.	/*/gmd:dataQualityInfo/gmd:DQ_DataQuality/gmd:lineage/gmd:LI_Lineage/gmd:source/gmd:LI_Source/gmd:sourceExtent/gmd:EX_Extent
Scope Extent	The EX_Extent object within DQ_Scope defines extents associated with scope codes. Examples include collectionHardware, collectionSession, dataset, series, service, model, etc.	/*/gmd:dataQualityInfo/gmd:DQ_DataQuality/gmd:scope/gmd:DQ_Scope/gmd:extent/gmd:EX_Extent
Reference System Extent	The EX_Extent object within RS_ReferenceSystem defines the valid range of values for the reference system.	/*/gmd:referenceSystemInfo/gmd:RS_ReferenceSystem/gmd:domainOfValidity/gmd:EX_Extent

---

The ISO EX_Extent object is used to describe the spatial, temporal and vertical extent of resources, responsibilities, processing, quality reports, or maintenance.

The EX_Extent object supports multiple geographic and temporal extents within a single object.  This capability is quite useful for describing datasets created from observations collected at different locations and times.  For example, a dataset that includes observations collected at different locations each field season.

Bounding Extent. The ISO metadata standards allow multiple extents to be associated with a resource. This capability can be very important as spatial and temporal observatory deployments become more complex. Many metadata tools require a single bounding extent in order to support simple spatial and temporal discovery. In order to easily and unambiguously identify the bounding extent for a resource, we recommend identifying it with an xml id = 'boundingExtent'.

Two-Dimensional Tiling Systems. Several NASA metadata standards include the capability to describe spatial extents of resources using two-dimensional tiling systems. The tile numbers in these systems are standard geographic identifiers that can be used to improve performance of spatial searches. MENDS recommended syntax for these tile identifiers in ISO.

ISO 19115 combines spatial and temporal extents into a single object, called an EX_Extent, that includes temporal, vertical, and geographic extents. The temporal and vertical extents are simple descriptions of temporal or vertical ranges. The geographic extent can be described in three ways.

The first option is a simple bounding box for recording the north, south, east and west bounding coordinates.

The second option generalizes the bounding box to a bounding polygon. This covers a large number of cases which might involve natural shapes, such as watersheds, or political shapes, like county forecast zones, rather than rectangles.

The final option allows specification of an identifier of a geographic region. This identifier includes a namespace and a name, and allows the use of named spatial objects, like counties, to describe spatial extents.

 

Crosswalks

Rubric Spatial and Temporal Search

This basic extent information supports spatial/temporal searches that are increasingly important as the number of map based search interfaces increases. Many of the attributes included in this spiral can be calculated from the data if the file is compliant with the NetCDF Climate and Forecast (CF) Metadata Convention. Describes a simple latitude, longitude, vertical and temporal bounding box. For a more detailed geospatial coverage, see the suggested geospatial attributes. Further refinement of the geospatial bounding box can be provided by using these units and resolution attributes. Many of these extent attributes are calculated using the CF-Conventions.

Concept	Description	Dialect (Fit) Paths
Bounding Box	A bounding box for identifying a geographic area of interest Note: This concept is called "Coverage" in the CSW Specification	CSDGM /metadata/idinfo/spdom/bounding DIF /DIF/Spatial_Coverage ECHO /*/echo:Spatial/echo:HorizontalSpatialDomain/echo:Geometry/echo:BoundingRectangle ISO /*/gmd:identificationInfo/gmd:MD_DataIdentification/gmd:extent/gmd:EX_Extent/gmd:geographicElement/gmd:EX_GeographicBoundingBox ISO /*/gmd:identificationInfo/srv:SV_ServiceIdentification/srv:extent/gmd:EX_Extent/gmd:geographicElement/gmd:EX_GeographicBoundingBox
Southernmost Latitude	The southernmost latitude of the bounding rectangle. Note: OGC-SOS offering lists may not include the entire dataset. A gml:id attribute can be used to identify the bounding offering.	CSDGM /metadata/idinfo/spdom/bounding/southbc DIF (1) /DIF/Spatial_Coverage/Southernmost_Latitude ECHO (1) /*/echo:Spatial/echo:HorizontalSpatialDomain/echo:Geometry/echo:BoundingRectangle/echo:SouthBoundingCoordinate ISO (1) /*/gmd:identificationInfo/*/gmd:extent/gmd:EX_Extent/gmd:geographicElement/gmd:EX_GeographicBoundingBox/gmd:southBoundLatitude/gco:Decimal
Northernmost Latitude	The northernmost latitude of the bounding rectangle. Note: OGC-SOS offering lists may not include the entire dataset. A gml:id attribute (e.g. gml:id="network-all") can be used to identify the bounding offering.	CSDGM /metadata/idinfo/spdom/bounding/northbc DIF (1) /DIF/Spatial_Coverage/Northernmost_Latitude ECHO (1) /*/echo:Spatial/echo:HorizontalSpatialDomain/echo:Geometry/echo:BoundingRectangle/echo:NorthBoundingCoordinate ISO (1) /*/gmd:identificationInfo/*/gmd:extent/gmd:EX_Extent/gmd:geographicElement/gmd:EX_GeographicBoundingBox/gmd:northBoundLatitude/gco:Decimal
Westernmost Longitude	The westernmost longitude of the bounding rectangle. Note: OGC-SOS offering lists may not include the entire dataset. A gml:id attribute can be used to identify the bounding offering.	CSDGM /metadata/idinfo/spdom/bounding/westbc DIF (1) /DIF/Spatial_Coverage/Westernmost_Longitude ECHO (1) /*/echo:Spatial/echo:HorizontalSpatialDomain/echo:Geometry/echo:BoundingRectangle/echo:WestBoundingCoordinate ISO (1) /*/gmd:identificationInfo/*/gmd:extent/gmd:EX_Extent/gmd:geographicElement/gmd:EX_GeographicBoundingBox/gmd:westBoundLongitude/gco:Decimal
Easternmost Longitude	The easternmost longitude of the bounding rectangle. Note: OGC-SOS offering lists may not include the entire dataset. A gml:id attribute can be used to identify the bounding offering.	CSDGM /metadata/idinfo/spdom/bounding/eastbc DIF (1) /DIF/Spatial_Coverage/Easternmost_Longitude ECHO (1) /*/echo:Spatial/echo:HorizontalSpatialDomain/echo:Geometry/echo:BoundingRectangle/echo:WestBoundingCoordinate ISO (1) /*/gmd:identificationInfo/*/gmd:extent/gmd:EX_Extent/gmd:geographicElement/gmd:EX_GeographicBoundingBox/gmd:eastBoundLongitude/gco:Decimal
Temporal Extent	The temporal extent of the resource	CSDGM /metadata/idinfo/timeperd/timeinfo/rngdates DIF /TemporalCoverage ECHO /*/Temporal/RangeDateTime ISO /*/gmd:MD_DataIdentification/gmd:extent/gmd:EX_Extent/gmd:temporalElement/gmd:EX_TemporalExtent
Start Time	The start of the bounding time period	DIF /DIF/Temporal_Coverage/Start_Date ECHO /*/echo:Temporal/echo:RangeDateTime/echo:BeginningDateTime ISO /*/gmd:identificationInfo/*/gmd:extent/gmd:EX_Extent/gmd:temporalElement/gmd:EX_TemporalExtent/gmd:extent/gml:TimePeriod/gml:beginPosition
End Time	The end of the bounding time period	DIF /DIF/Temporal_Coverage/Stop_Date ECHO /*/echo:Temporal/echo:RangeDateTime/echo:EndingDateTime ECHO /*/echo:Temporal/echo:EndsAtPresentFlag ISO /*/gmd:identificationInfo/*/gmd:extent/gmd:EX_Extent/gmd:temporalElement/gmd:EX_TemporalExtent/gmd:extent/gml:TimePeriod/gml:endPosition
Vertical Extent	The vertical extent of the resource	DIF /SpatialCoverage ISO /*/gmd:MD_DataIdentification/gmd:extent/gmd:EX_Extent/gmd:verticalElement/gmd:EX_VerticalExtent
Vertical Minimum	The minimum height of the bounding rectangle	DIF /DIF/Spatial_Coverage/Minimum_Altitude DIF /DIF/Spatial_Coverage/Minimum_Depth ISO /*/gmd:identificationInfo/*/gmd:extent/gmd:EX_Extent/gmd:verticalElement/gmd:EX_VerticalExtent/gmd:minimumValue/gco:Real
Vertical Maximum	The maximum height of the bounding rectangle	DIF /DIF/Spatial_Coverage/Maximum_Altitude DIF /DIF/Spatial_Coverage/Maximum_Depth ISO /*/gmd:identificationInfo/*/gmd:extent/gmd:EX_Extent/gmd:verticalElement/gmd:EX_VerticalExtent/gmd:maximumValue/gco:Real
Place Keyword	A comma separated list of key words and phrases that give the location of the resource. Note: Some dialects include keywords, but they do not include mechanisms for identifying the type. In those cases it is difficult to unambiguously identify place keywords.	CSDGM /metadata/idinfo/keywords/place/placekey DIF /DIF/Location/Location_Category DIF /DIF/Location/Location_Type DIF /DIF/Location/Location_Subregion1 DIF /DIF/Location/Location_Subregion2 DIF /DIF/Location/Location_Subregion3 DIF /DIF/Location/Detailed_Location ISO /*/gmd:identificationInfo/*/gmd:descriptiveKeywords/gmd:MD_Keywords[normalize-space(gmd:type/gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode)='place']/gmd:keyword/gco:CharacterString ISO /gmd:MD_Metadata/gmd:identificationInfo/gmd:MD_DataIdentification/gmd:extent/gmd:EX_Extent/gmd:geographicElement/gmd:EX_GeographicDescription/gmd:geographicIdentifier/gmd:MD_Identifier/gmd:code/gco:CharacterString
Place Keyword Vocabulary	If you are following a guideline for the place words/phrases in your "keywords" attribute, put the name of that guideline here.	CSDGM /metadata/idinfo/keywords/place/placekt ISO /*/gmd:identificationInfo/*/gmd:descriptiveKeywords/gmd:MD_Keywords[normalize-space(gmd:type/gmd:MD_KeywordTypeCode)='place']/gmd:thesaurusName/gmd:CI_Citation/gmd:title/gco:CharacterString

Notes

This table reflects the MENDS voting recommendations pertaining to the mapping of ECHO bounding coordinates to ISO.

ECHO Attribute	ISO Equivalent
/*/Spatial/HorizontalSpatialDomain/Geometry/BoundingRectangle/CenterPoint/PointLatitude	/gmi:MI_Metadata/gmd:identificationInfo/gmd:MD_DataIdentification/gmd:extent/gmd:EX_Extent/gmd:geographicElement/gmd:EX_BoundingPolygon/gmd:polygon/gml:LineString/gml:posList
/*/Spatial/HorizontalSpatialDomain/Geometry/BoundingRectangle/CenterPoint/PointLongitude	/gmi:MI_Metadata/gmd:identificationInfo/gmd:MD_DataIdentification/gmd:extent/gmd:EX_Extent/gmd:geographicElement/gmd:EX_BoundingPolygon/gmd:polygon/gml:LineString/gml:posList
/*/Spatial/HorizontalSpatialDomain/Geometry/BoundingRectangle/EastBoundingCoordinate	/gmi:MI_Metadata/gmd:identificationInfo/gmd:MD_DataIdentification/gmd:extent/gmd:EX_Extent/gmd:geographicElement/gmd:EX_GeographicBoundingBox/gmd:eastBoundLongitude/gco:Decimal
/*/Spatial/HorizontalSpatialDomain/Geometry/BoundingRectangle/NorthBoundingCoordinate	/gmi:MI_Metadata/gmd:identificationInfo/gmd:MD_DataIdentification/gmd:extent/gmd:EX_Extent/gmd:geographicElement/gmd:EX_GeographicBoundingBox/gmd:northBoundLatitude/gco:Decimal
/*/Spatial/HorizontalSpatialDomain/Geometry/BoundingRectangle/SouthBoundingCoordinate	/gmi:MI_Metadata/gmd:identificationInfo/gmd:MD_DataIdentification/gmd:extent/gmd:EX_Extent/gmd:geographicElement/gmd:EX_GeographicBoundingBox/gmd:southBoundLatitude/gco:Decimal
/*/Spatial/HorizontalSpatialDomain/Geometry/BoundingRectangle/WestBoundingCoordinate	/gmi:MI_Metadata/gmd:identificationInfo/gmd:MD_DataIdentification/gmd:extent/gmd:EX_Extent/gmd:geographicElement/gmd:EX_GeographicBoundingBox/gmd:westBoundLongitude/gco:Decimal
/*/Spatial/HorizontalSpatialDomain/Geometry/GPolygon/Boundary/Point/PointLatitude	/gmi:MI_Metadata/gmd:identificationInfo/gmd:MD_DataIdentification/gmd:extent/gmd:EX_Extent/gmd:geographicElement/gmd:EX_BoundingPolygon/gmd:polygon/gml:LineString/gml:posList
/*/Spatial/HorizontalSpatialDomain/Geometry/GPolygon/Boundary/Point/PointLongitude	/gmi:MI_Metadata/gmd:identificationInfo/gmd:MD_DataIdentification/gmd:extent/gmd:EX_Extent/gmd:geographicElement/gmd:EX_BoundingPolygon/gmd:polygon/gml:LineString/gml:posList
/*/Spatial/HorizontalSpatialDomain/Geometry/GPolygon/CenterPoint/PointLatitude	/gmi:MI_Metadata/gmd:identificationInfo/gmd:MD_DataIdentification/gmd:extent/gmd:EX_Extent/gmd:geographicElement/gmd:EX_BoundingPolygon/gmd:polygon/gml:LineString/gml:posList
/*/Spatial/HorizontalSpatialDomain/Geometry/GPolygon/CenterPoint/PointLongitude	/gmi:MI_Metadata/gmd:identificationInfo/gmd:MD_DataIdentification/gmd:extent/gmd:EX_Extent/gmd:geographicElement/gmd:EX_BoundingPolygon/gmd:polygon/gml:LineString/gml:posList
/*/Spatial/HorizontalSpatialDomain/Geometry/Line/Point/PointLatitude	/gmi:MI_Metadata/gmd:identificationInfo/gmd:MD_DataIdentification/gmd:extent/gmd:EX_Extent/gmd:geographicElement/gmd:EX_GeographicBoundingBox/gmd:northBoundLatitude/gco:Decimal
/*/Spatial/HorizontalSpatialDomain/Geometry/Line/Point/PointLongitude	/gmi:MI_Metadata/gmd:identificationInfo/gmd:MD_DataIdentification/gmd:extent/gmd:EX_Extent/gmd:geographicElement/gmd:EX_GeographicBoundingBox/gmd:westBoundLongitude/gco:Decimal
/*/Spatial/HorizontalSpatialDomain/Geometry/Point/PointLatitude	/gmi:MI_Metadata/gmd:identificationInfo/gmd:MD_DataIdentification/gmd:extent/gmd:EX_Extent/gmd:geographicElement/gmd:EX_GeographicBoundingBox/gmd:northBoundLatitude/gco:Decimal
/*/Spatial/HorizontalSpatialDomain/Geometry/Point/PointLatitude	/gmi:MI_Metadata/gmd:identificationInfo/gmd:MD_DataIdentification/gmd:extent/gmd:EX_Extent/gmd:geographicElement/gmd:EX_GeographicBoundingBox/gmd:southBoundLatitude/gco:Decimal
/*/Spatial/HorizontalSpatialDomain/Geometry/Point/PointLongitude	/gmi:MI_Metadata/gmd:identificationInfo/gmd:MD_DataIdentification/gmd:extent/gmd:EX_Extent/gmd:geographicElement/gmd:EX_GeographicBoundingBox/gmd:eastBoundLongitude/gco:Decimal
/*/Spatial/HorizontalSpatialDomain/Geometry/Point/PointLongitude	/gmi:MI_Metadata/gmd:identificationInfo/gmd:MD_DataIdentification/gmd:extent/gmd:EX_Extent/gmd:geographicElement/gmd:EX_GeographicBoundingBox/gmd:westBoundLongitude/gco:Decima