Edit GEO User Requirement Document: Monitoring ambient air quality for health impact assessment

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Document Region:	International Africa Asia, Non-Southeast Asia, Southeast Europe North America Oceania/Australia Polar Region South America
Observation Type:	Emission Transport Ambient Health
Observation Need:	Emission Transport Ambient Health Weather Satellites Models
Parameters:	SO2 NO2 NOx CO O3 VOC PM10 PM2.5 Lead Aer. Carbon TSP AOD HNO3 POPs HCHO AQI Weather RH T Precipitation Wind Speed Clouds Demographic Topography PBL Pressure Surface rough Albedo Economics Photosynthetic activity Leaf Area Index Solar Radiation Land use(rural) Soil moisture Land Cover Turbulence Params
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Document Description:	WHO; What are the features of monitoring networks that are needed to identify exposure.

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===Designing and planning a monitoring system===
* Existing air monitoring systems often do not fully address the evaluation
of population exposure to toxic air pollutants and the assessment
of the resulting health effects.
* The design of new monitoring programmes or refinement of existing
systems should therefore consider the need to use the data measured
for the purpose of assessing the effects on population health.
* The pollutants studied, measurement time scales and locations
should be relevant to assessing human exposure and the expected
health effects. Local conditions and pollution climates will determine
the pollutants and methods to be given priority.
* Monitoring can have many objectives besides health impact assessment.
These objectives, together with resulting data quality objectives,
need to be clearly defined when monitoring systems are
designed or updated.
* Monitoring is only one of a range of tools for assessing air quality;
monitoring, emission inventories and predictive models are complementary
components in an integrated approach to assessing exposure
and health effects.

===Quality assurance and control===
* Comprehensive quality assurance and control of monitoring programmes
is essential to ensure that measurements are accurate,
reliable and fit for the intended purpose.
* Harmonization of measurement quality – at both a national and
international level – should be promoted through national quality
assurance and control coordination, laboratory accreditation and international
validation programmes.

===Managing and disseminating information===
* Raw measured data are of limited utility; these need to be transformed
by appropriate analysis and interpretation into useful information,
targeted at the needs of a wide community of end-users.
These activities require special expertise, infrastructure and funding.
* Possible end-users may include scientific and health communities,
policy and planning decision-makers at the local or national level,
the mass media and the general public.
* Data and information from monitoring programmes should be communicated
to users in the scientific and health communities in a
form and time frame appropriate to their specific needs.
* Every person has the right to know about the quality of the air he or
she breathes. Disseminating information on air quality to the public
serves to inform, educate and raise awareness of important environmental
and health issues.
* An informed and aware public can also contribute and assist in a
meaningful way to improving the environment. Public communication
and education schemes are therefore recommended.
* Free international exchange and dissemination of air quality information
is recommended, using such freely and openly available
communication media as the World Wide Web.

The report discuses numerous technical issues. The following points are
addressed primarily to network managers and public health scientists
who use air quality data.

[[Category:CandidateDoc]][[Category:CitedDoc]]

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Edit GEO User Requirement Document: Monitoring ambient air quality for health impact assessment

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